Professors: C. Burch-Brown; G. Downey; M. Feingold; M. Fishwick; A. Kilkelly; E. Struthers Malbon; M. Saffle; N. Simmons; D. Zallen
Associate Professors: B. Britt; C. J. Burger; E. Creamer; E. Fine; D. Forman-Barzilai; L. Gillman; V. Hardcastle; T. Kershaw; A. LaBerge; M. McCaughey; A. Puckett; P. Schmitthenner; D. Welch
Assistant Professors: A. Abeysekara; I. Banks; D. Breslau; S. Cook; E. Crist; S. Halfon; J. McNeal
Visiting Associate Professors: D. Britt; M. Zimunya
Visiting Assistant Professors: M. Hasselman; S. Johnston; K. Precoda; B. J. Reeves; J. Roberts
Adjunct Associate Professor: A. Fariello
Instructors: L. Bazuzi; G. Harrington; L. Plaut; P. Polanah
Academic and Career Advisors: C. Slusser; M. Herndon (231-6630)
Interdisciplinary Studies (IDST) is the undergraduate degree offered by the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies (CIS). The programs in CIS provide an opportunity for students and faculty to explore and question traditional areas of knowledge through the application of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives. The CIS curriculum fosters an understanding of United States and world cultures and religions in historical and contemporary contexts. CIS encourages students to consider the aesthetic, ethical, political, scientific, and technical dimensions of human experience and culture and to recognize the commonality and diversity of human experience, beliefs, and practices. CIS emphasizes global and environmental interdependence and social responsibility as part of its effort to prepare students for a lifetime of cultural, social, environmental, and technological change.
CIS offers both an interdisciplinary major (IDST) and a number of minors/concentrations that may be selected by students in any major. In this section of the catalog, the undergraduate major, IDST, is described first. This is followed by a list of minors/concentrations, and then a description of each of the programs in CIS. Look under the specific program for a description of the requirements of the concentration(s)/minor(s) and a description of the courses offered by that program. Information about the graduate major, Science and Technology Studies, appears in the graduate catalog.
Associate Professor: E. G. Creamer
Advising Coordinator: C. S. Slusser
The interdisciplinary studies (IDST) major is an undergraduate major leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree in Interdisciplinary Studies. IDST provides an opportunity for students to explore topics and issues through the application of interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary perspectives. Most students who chose IDST as a major are more interested in developing complex problem solving skills, critical thinking, and acquiring a broad education, than in gaining specialized skills for a single occupation. The global focus of the major affords career opportunities in education, business, government, industry, and the service sector, including the nonprofit sector. First-year students entering IDST tend to rate themselves as more skilled than other students in writing and to express a greater interest in issues related to leadership and diversity. The major has a strong academic and career advising component.
With the exception of students in the IDST Cross-Program Degree Option in Leadership and Social Change (IDLR), the requirements of the IDST major are completed by (a) University core curriculum requirements; (b) the 18-hour CIS Core; (c) 6 hours of foreign language, contemporary non-U.S. culture and civilization, or approved study abroad; and (c) two approved minors or concentrations. All degree requirements are those in effect the year the degree is completed. A complete checksheet showing all degree requirements in detail is available on-line and through the IDST Advising Office.
The 18-hour CIS Core consists of:
For the IDST Program Degree Option, a student completes the CIS Core, the culture and civilization requirement, and two minors or 36 semester hours from a single program in CIS. This is possible in Women's Studies, for example, by opting for concentrations in Women's Studies and Women's Leadership. An IDST Program Degree Option is possible in other programs in CIS as well, including Appalachian Studies; Black Studies; and Humanities, Science, and Technology. Students selecting this option must work closely with an advisor in IDST to avoid duplication of credits and to construct a program that is tailored to individual needs.
IDST offers both a major and a minor in leadership and social change. These embrace a commitment to diversity and an agenda for social change that crosses all programs in CIS. The major and minor were developed in cooperation with other leadership programs at the university. The major and/or minor will be of interest to students planning to pursue a career in non-profit agencies, including governmental and non-governmental agencies with an agenda for social justice. Internships in such organizations are an extremely valuable way for students to gain work-related skills.
Students in the IDST Cross-Program Degree Option in Leadership and Social Change complete the 18-hour CIS Core, the foreign language or culture and civilization requirement, 17 hours of courses in leadership, and a 12 hour cognate in a related area. A checksheet for this option is available on-line or through the IDST advising office.
LDRS 1015 - LDRS 1016
This two-semester interdisciplinary course offers an introduction to citizen leadership. 1015 explores traditional and contemporary leadership theory and competencies by comparing cultural contexts of leadership. 1016 introduces leadership praxis (action and reflection) as a method of research and service designed to continually refine leadership theory, competencies, and values. Membership in the Residential Leadership Community required. 1015 (3H,3C). 1016 (3H,3C). 1015:I, 1016:II.
IDST majors, including those in the option in leadership and social change, are required to complete 6 credit hours (the equivalent of two 3-credit classes) in either a foreign language or contemporary non-US culture and civilization. Students are strongly encouraged to complete an approved study abroad program outside of the U.S. to satisfy this requirement.
Eligible IDST students are encouraged to participate in the University Honors Program. Completing a degree "In Honors" is an excellent way for outstanding students to integrate the knowledge from several disciplines. Honors students have considerable flexibility in completing the degree requirements.
In order to earn a double major or second degree with IDST, students must complete a minimum of 36 semester hours that do not count toward the completion of another major.
Students enrolled in IDST must meet the following requirements by the end of the academic year in which the student has attempted 72 semester hours (including transfer, freshmen rule, AP, advanced standing, and credit by exam hours):
1814 (BLST 1814): INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES
Introduces students to the study of sub-Saharan African history, politics, economics, arts, and cultures and to Africa's place in the world. Required first course in the African (Area) Studies concentration. (3H,3C) I,II.
2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
3004: IDST INTERNSHIP
Placement in a work setting, on or off campus, for an internship that will serve as a practical experience for eligible students. May be repeated for elective credit up to a maximum of 12 credit hours (1 academic credit earned for every 45 hours worked per 15 week semester); cannot be used for core or minor requirements. Junior or Senior standing and instructor consent required. Variable credit course. X-grade allowed. I,II,III,IV.
3114: TOPICS IN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES
Variable content, variable credit course that addresses a complex issue or problem through more than one discipline or intellectual domain. Places at the foreground the discussion of how several different methodological approaches inform our understanding of an issue or group of related issues. Often taught by teams of instructors in distinct, instructional modules or learning experiences. Three credit version is writing intensive. May be repeated with different content. Variable credit course. I,II,III.
3954: STUDY ABROAD
Variable credit course.
4114: SENIOR RESEARCH SEMINAR
Senior seminar designed to integrate assumptions, theories, and methods of more than one disciplinary perspective. Includes exploration of interdisciplinary research methods, such as case study and ethnography. Includes developing a proposal for an interdisciplinary senior project. Senior standing required. Pre: 3114. (3H,3C)
4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
The following concentrations or minors are offered by programs in CIS. Additional information about each can be found in this section of the catalog under the program name listed beside it. The minors or concentrations may be used as one of the two minors or concentrations required to complete the IDST major. Students in any major may opt to declare them as minors.
African Studies (Black Studies)
American Indian Studies (Humanities)
American Studies (Humanities)
Appalachian Studies (Humanities)
Asian Area Studies (Humanities)
Black Studies (Black Studies)
Classical Studies (Humanities)
Humanities (Humanities)
Humanities and the Arts (Humanities)
Humanities, Science, and Technology (Humanities, Science, and Technology)
Judaic Studies (Judaic Studies)
Leadership and Social Change (IDST)
Medieval and Renaissance Studies (Humanities)
Religious Studies (Religious Studies)
Science and Technology (Humanities, Science, and Technology)
Women's Studies (Women's Studies)
Women's StudiesLeadership (Women's Studies)
Professors: N. Giovanni (English); R. Graham (Art); E. Weisband (Political Science)
Associate Professors: H. Farrar (History); T. Kershaw
Assistant Professors: I. Banks; B. Bunch-Lyons (History); N. Alexander-Floyd
Instructor: P. Polanah
Black studies is an interdisciplinary field of study that uses concepts and methodologies of the social sciences and the humanities, centering on the study of Africa, African-Americans, and other peoples of African descent. The program cooperates with faculty from across the university, whose teaching and research is concerned with Africa and the African diaspora. Black Studies supports the university's objective to increase the numbers of black students and faculty and other faculty and students of color. It also engages with other programs and organizations in community awareness activities that celebrate the richness and diversity of American and African cultures and traditions.
The Black Studies program offers two minors. One focuses on African Americans while the other focuses on Africa and Africans. We also offer an IDST Program Degree Option in Black Studies that combines both minors.
The Black Studies minor focusing on African American people requires successful completion of at least 18 semester hours.
Core Courses
BLST 1714: Intro to Black Studies
BLST/HIST 3176: Afro-American History
Electives (At least 12 hours, with at least 6 hours in the social sciences and 3 hours in the humanities)
Humanities Focus (minimum of 3 hours required)
BLST/IDST 1814: Intro to African Studies
BLST/REL 2144: African Religion
BLST/REL 2734: The Black Woman in the USA
BLST/REL 2744: The Black Church in America
BLST 2754: Sports and The Afro-American Experience
BLST 2774: Black Aesthetics
BLST/ENGL 3634: Afro-American Literature
BLST 4774: Blacks in the Performing Arts
Social Science Focus (minimum of 6 hours required)
BLST/HIST 3175: Afro-American History I
Social Science elective
*Note: A 2.0 grade point average in all BLST courses is required for graduation.
1714: INTRODUCTION TO BLACK STUDIES
Introduction to the history of legal and cultural life of Black America. It will also provoke critical thinking pertaining to racial issues in America and allow the student to become more familiar with our Black neighbors and the system under which they have struggled. (3H,3C) I,II
1814 (IDST 1814): INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES
Introduces students to the study of sub-Saharan Africahistory, politics, economics, arts, and culturesand to Africa's place in the world. Required first course in the African (Area) Studies concentration. (3H,3C) I, II
2144 (REL 2144): AFRICAN RELIGIONS
The role of religious (or belief) systems in African societies, especially the three predominant religious traditions in Africa: the so-called African Traditional Religions, Islam, and Christianity; the universe of religious systems and religious experiences and processes of Africa, in particular, Sub-Saharan Africa; critical examination of the mythic stature of Africa's "religions" within Western cultural (and scholarly) world views and institutions. (3H,3C)
2734 (REL 2734) (WS 2734): THE BLACK WOMAN IN THE U.S.
The emerging womanist perspective of "interstructured oppression" (i.e., the simultaneous effects of racism, sexism, and classism) as relevant to the contributions of Black women in the United States of America; views of Black women from African backgrounds, the Atlantic slave trade, and the progressive rise of womanist/feminist liberation movements in Black culture; contributions of Black women in the U.S. and globally. (3H,3C)
2744 (REL 2744): THE BLACK CHURCH IN AMERICA
Interdisciplinary approach to African American religious experiences, utilizing traditional theological disciplines to analyze the ethos, pathos, logos, and theos that members of the African American faith communities pass down from generation to generation; the cultural, philosophical, and spiritual values of African American peoples viewed through the lens of Black non-fiction and fiction narratives; impact of the contexts of slavery and racism on Black life and religious expression. (3H,3C)
2754: SPORTS & THE AFRO-AMERICAN EXPERIENCE
Sports as a paradigm of the African-American experience. The forms of racism and the periodic significant social advances of the African-American community in the U.S. will be examined from the vantage point of African-American sports. Attention will also be paid to the continuing impact of sports on African-American culture. Sports heroes, successful teams and annual sporting events will be noted and analyzed. (3H,3C) I.
2774: BLACK AESTHETICS
A definition of those qualities of black American arts which distinguish it from traditional U.S. arts through an analysis of theme, form, and technique as they appear in a representative sample of works by black creative artists. (3H,3C) I.
2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course. I,II,III,IV.
3174 (HIST 3174): AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN IN UNITED STATES HISTORY
Chronological and thematic examination of significant historical moments in black men's lives. Examination of the social, cultural, and political forces contributing to a uniquely African American male experience in the United States. Survey of events in America's collective past such as wars, depressions, protest movements. (3H,3C).
3175,3176 (HIST 3175, 3176): AFRO-AMERICAN HISTORY
The Afro-American experience in the United States from 1619 to the present. Emphasis upon slavery and the strategies of economic and social survival in the twentieth century. 3175: 1619-1877. 3176: 1877-present. (3H,3C) 3175: I; 3176: II.
3634 (ENGL 3634): AFRICAN-AMERICAN LITERATURE
Afro-American writings from Phyllis Wheatley through the slave narratives of the nineteenth century to such modern figures as Wright, Hughes, Baldwin, and Morrison. (3H,3C) I,II.
3984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
4704: HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN THEATRE
An in-depth study of African-American Theatre in America. It will explore the history and development of African- American Theatre - both commercial and non-commercial. The course will also stimulate critical thinking pertaining to racial issues, differences in aesthetics and cultures. Pre: 1714 or TA 2004. (3H,3C) II.
4754: INTERNSHIP
Variable credit course.
4774: BLACKS IN THE PERFORMING ARTS
An examination of the performing arts as a paradigm of the 3 African-American experience. Forms of U.S. racism and the periodic significant social advances of the US's African-American community will be examined in this course from the vantage points of blacks in theatre, film, dance and music. Emphasis will be placed on the continuing impact of performing arts on African-American culture. Performers, heroes, historical works and performing arts events will be analyzed. Pre: 1714. (3H,3C) II.
4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
The African Studies minor requires a minimum of 18 hours, including 3 required courses (9 credits) and 6 credits in either Region, Change, and Development or Culture, Society, and Diaspora. At least 12 hours of courses must be at the 3000-4000 level. For course descriptions see the home department listings.
Required courses:
IDST/BLST 1814: Introduction to African Studies
HIST 2304: Growth and Development
GEOG 3214: Geography of African Development
Region, Change, and Development:
AAEC 3204: International Agricultural Development and Trade
*ECON 4124: Growth and Development
*ECON 4135: International Economics
*ECON 4136: International Economics
PSCI 3545: Developing Countries
PSCI 3546: Developing Countries
Culture, Society, and the Diaspora:
BLST 1714: Introduction to Black Studies
BLST/REL 2144: African Religions
BLST 2774: Black Aesthetics
ENGL 3634: African-American Literature
*ENGL 3644: Postcolonial Cultural Studies
HIST 3175 and 3176: Afro-American History
*with an African topic.
Professors: M. W. Fishwick; M. B. Saffle; N. C. Simmons
Associate Professors: E. C. Fine; A. M. Puckett; P. Schmitthenner; D. Welch
Assistant Professor: S. L. Cook
Visiting Associate Professor: D. D. Britt
Visiting Assistant Professors: M. Hasselman; K. Precoda; B. J. Reeves; C. J. Roberts
Instructors: G. Harrington; L. B. Plaut
Adjunct Faculty: T. L. Papillon (Foreign Languages)
The Humanities Program offers interdisciplinary courses, many of which are in Area 2 of the University Core Curriculum, and interdisciplinary concentrations open to all university students. Courses and concentrations lead to the understanding of humans' cultural legacy from ancient through modern civilizations, explored through the traditional humanities disciplines: philosophy, history, and the arts, including languages, literatures, fine arts, architecture, music, and theatre arts. HUM 2214 fulfills the one-hour Area 6 (Creativity and Aesthetic Experience) requirement for students outside the College of Arts and Sciences.
All 18-hour humanities concentrations may be used to complement any disciplinary major in the university or as one part of an IDST degree. For more information, and lists of options for concentrations, contact the concentration coordinator or the IDST advising center.
The American Indian Studies minor examines the richness and complexity of American Indian cultures and societies, past and present, in regional, national and global contexts. The interdisciplinary course of study emphasizes a holistic approach to understanding social, cultural, political, economic, and religious issues pertinent to American Indians. The Minor was developed by the Humanities Program in cooperation with departments in the humanities, arts, and social sciences. The Minor in American Indian Studies requires 18 semester hours: the three required AINS courses (3 hours each) and three electives (3 hours each). At least 9 hours of credit (including the required courses) must be taken at the 3000 level or above. Normally only one Independent Study (AINS 2974 or 4974, or a departmental Independent Study course approved by the American Indian Studies coordinator) will be accepted for credit. The Special Study courses (AINS 2984 or 4984, or departmental equivalents approved by the American Indian Studies Coordinator) may be taken more than once if the topic of each course is different.
Required Courses:
AINS/HUM 1104: Introduction to American Indian Studies
ENGL/AINS 2804: Contemporary Native American Literatures
PSCI/AINS 3684: Indigenous Peoples and World Politics
And three or more of the following:
HUM/COMM/AINS 2104: Oral Traditions and Culture
ENGL/AINS 3304: The Languages of Native America
ART 3004: Topics in Art History (when on appropriate topic)*
IDST 3114: Interdisciplinary Topics (when on appropriate topic)*
AINS/HUM 4004: Topics in American Indian Studies (Pre: AINS/ HUM 1104)
REL/HUM 4324: Topics in Religion and Culture (when on appropriate topic)*
AINS 2974/4974: Independent Study (Pre: 1104)
*The Coordinator for American Indian Studies will maintain a web page listing the offerings of these courses (by term on CRN) that meet the "appropriate topics" requirement.
The interdisciplinary concentration in American Studies was developed by the Humanities Programs in cooperation with faculty from Appalachian Studies, Religious Studies, the College of Architecture and Urban Studies, and the Departments of Art and Art History, Communication Studies, English, and History. Employing several methodologies, such as critical theory and cultural studies, and focusing on the intersection of human behavior with particular artifacts, American studies seeks to deepen understanding of human life on the North American continent and to study the international aspects of twentieth century America. Students work closely with an advisor to plan a coherent program, tailored to the student's interest, which reflects the range and variety of American studies.
To complete the concentration, all students must take HUM 2504: Introduction to American Studies (3 semester hours). The remaining fifteen hours of course work will be taken in four areas: literature, history, the arts and communications, and cultural studies (at least one course from each area). The approved list includes a variety of courses with an American emphasis from the disciplines of English (American literature), history, art history, architecture, black studies, communication studies, humanities, mechanical engineering, music, philosophy, political science, religious studies, and urban affairs. Appropriate special topics courses and honors colloquia may be substituted.
Coordinator: Marshall W. Fishwick
The Appalachian Studies concentration focuses on complex cultural, political, economic, and environmental issues in the study of an important American region. The course of study ranges from mythic to modern Appalachian America and also provides opportunity for cross-cultural study of mountain cultures worldwide. The concentration was developed by the Humanities Program in cooperation with departments in the humanities, arts, social sciences, and technological fields. Two of the courses in the concentration (HUM 4404 and HUM 4414) may be taken for graduate credit.
Courses needed to complete the concentration are the following (15 semester hours):
HUM 1704: Introduction to Appalachian Studies
HIST 3214: History of Appalachia
ENGL 3624: Appalachian Literature
HUM 4404: Appalachian Folk Culture
HUM 4414: Critical Issues in Appalachian Studies
And one of the following (3 semester hours):
HR 2204: The Appalachian Family and Its Environment
ENGR 1814: Energy, Resource Development and the Environment
MinE 3074: History of Mining
GEOG 3224: Geography of Appalachia
HUM 3464: Appalachian Communities
Coordinator: Anita Puckett
The interdisciplinary concentration in Asian Area Studies focuses on the great cultural traditions of the Middle East, South Asia (including India), East Asia (China, Japan, Korea), Southeast Asia, and Central Asia. The majority of the earth's peoples belong to one of these cultures, influential for many centuries and representing some of the world's most unique, sophisticated, and important visions of the human experience. Students explore how various Asian traditions explain and represent this experience in literature, philosophy, religion, history, the social sciences, and the arts.
Students work closely with an advisor to shape a program that reflects the student's interest within the range of offerings available for the program. To complete the concentration, all students must take one of the following courses (3 semester hours):
HUM 1914: Traditional Asian Cultures
HUM 1924: Modern Asian Cultures
REL 1015: Introduction to Eastern Religions
The remaining 15 hours are divided among appropriate courses in history (6 hours), culture (6 hours), and development, contemporary issues, or a capstone project (3 hours). When appropriate, special topics courses and honors colloquia may be substituted.
Coordinator: Peter Schmitthenner
Classical Studies Option
The Classical Studies Option is being moved from the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies to the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures. For information, see: the Classical Studies Coordinator, Trudy Harrington Becker (244 Lane Hall, 231-6486, thbecker@vt.edu), Andrew Becker (303 Major Williams Hall, 231-2639, andrew.becker@vt.edu), or Terry Papillon (302 Major Williams Hall, 231-8319, terry.papillon@vt.edu).
Classical Studies Minor
The Classical Studies Minor is being moved from the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies to the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures. For information, see: the Classical Studies Coordinator, Trudy Harrington Becker (244 Lane Hall, 231-6486, thbecker@vt.edu), Andrew Becker (303 Major Williams Hall, 231-2639, andrew.becker@vt.edu), or Terry Papillon (302 Major Williams Hall, 231-8319, terry.papillon@vt.edu).
Classical Languages Minor
The Classical Languages Minor is being moved from the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies to the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures. For information, see: the Classical Studies Coordinator, Trudy Harrington Becker (244 Lane Hall, 231-6486, thbecker@vt.edu), Andrew Becker (303 Major Williams Hall, 231-2639, andrew.becker@vt.edu), or Terry Papillon (302 Major Williams Hall, 231-8319, terry.papillon@vt.edu).
The concentration in Humanities and the Arts was developed by the Humanities Program in cooperation with faculty from the departments of Art and Art History, Communication Studies, English, Music, Theatre Arts, and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies. It aims to acquaint students with the historical, critical, and practical dimensions of the arts, while simultaneously examining the relation of the arts to other human endeavors (philosophical, religious, scientific, social, political).
To complete the concentration, all students must take the following three courses (9 semester hours):
HUM 1604: Introduction to Humanities and the Arts
HUM 2204: The Creative Process
And one of the following topics courses:
HUM 3014: Humanities and the Arts: Renaissance and Earlier
HUM 3024: Humanities and the Arts: Post-Renaissance
The remaining 9 hours required to complete the concentration are drawn from a variety of appropriate courses in humanities, philosophy, art and art history, theatre arts, music, architecture, English, and communication studies. At least 6 of these hours must be at the 3000 level or above. Study Abroad may be used to satisfy some of these requirements.
Coordinator: Michael Saffle
The Humanities Minor gives students the opportunity to create a focused package of Humanities coursework within the following broad guidelines:
This cluster enables students to explore the Humaniuties from the perspective of historical and cultural periods, with an emphasis on connections among traditional Humanities disciplines and the arts.
This cluster enables students to gain a deep understanding of the roots of "modern" thought, beginning with the Renaissance. Presently, HUM 1314 and HUM 1324 are not included in any Humanities concentration, although students can concentrate in the other historical periods (Classical Studies; Medieval and Renaissance Studies).
This track enables students to explore non-Western or non-dominate cultures within the Humanities context.
Coordinator: Elizabeth Fine
The course of study for the Humanistic Traditions Concentration requires at least 15 hours (five courses) in Humanities (HUM). This concentration offers a sustained and broad investigation of the human cultural experience over different time periods and cultures.
Students may take five of the six introductory period courses:
HUM 1114: The Classical World
HUM 1124: The Roman World and Early Christianity
HUM 1214: The Medieval World
HUM 1224: The Renaissance
HUM 1314: The Enlightenment and Romanticism
HUM 1324: The Modern World
Up to six hourse may be substituted from upper division Humanities courses, in consultation with an advisor.
Coordinator: Elizabeth Fine
The Medieval and Renaissance Studies concentration was developed by the Humanities Program in conjunction with faculty from participating departments. The concentration allows students to gain a broad interdisciplinary understanding and appreciation of European culture between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries, although it allows for some degree of specialization. Students work in close association with an advisor who will help plan a coherent program tailored to the student's interests, but which also reflects the range and variety Medieval and Renaissance Studies.
The requirements for the concentration include the following two courses (6 semester hours):
HUM 1214: Introductory Humanities: The Medieval World
HUM 1224: Introductory Humanities: The Renaissance
The remaining 12 semester hours of course work are drawn from a variety of offerings in humanities, art, English, history, philosophy, and foreign languages and literatures, including some special study and topics courses. At least 9 hours must be at the 3000 level or above.
Coordinators:Sally Corneilson and Margaret Hasselman
Introductory Courses: Introductory culture courses focus on the culture of a particular age and place through critical examinations of a wide range of human activities: the arts, philosophy, history, politics, religion, economics, science, and technology. Emphasis is placed on the interrelationships among these endeavors and their contributions toward shaping the values and aspirations of their, and our, age and culture. Humanities and the Arts courses explore relationships between the arts and other human endeavors. Classes emphasize writing and classroom discussion of issues raised in readings, lectures, and multi-media presentations, including music, drama, film, and slides of art and architecture. All introductory Humanities courses listed in this section are included in Area 2 of the University Core Curriculum.
1104 (AINS 1104): INTRODUCTION TO AMERICAN INDIAN STUDIES
Introduces students to the richness and complexity of American Indian societies past and present. Considers the critical question of what it means to be an "American Indian" or "Native American," comparing externally produced stereotypes with a wide variety of indigenous discourses and narratives. Examines American Indian experiences with and reactions to colonial confrontations, government policies, and cultural exchanges with non-Indians. (3H,3C).
1114: INTRODUCTORY HUMANITIES: THE CLASSICAL AGE
The world of classical Athens through its embodiments in the arts, philosophy, politics, history, literature, and religion. Emphasis on the interrelationships among the various forms of cultural expression and their contributions toward shaping the values and aspirations of the age. (3H,3C) I,II.
1124: INTRODUCTORY HUMANITIES: THE ROMAN WORLD & EARLY CHRISTIANITY
The Roman world and early Christian culture. Emphasis on the interrelationships among the arts, literature, philosophy, history, religion, and their contributions toward shaping the values and aspirations of the age. (3H,3C) I,II.
1214: INTRODUCTORY HUMANITIES: THE MEDIEVAL WORLD
The medieval synthesis in Western European thought and the transition to the world of the Renaissance. Emphasis on the interrelationships among the arts, literature, philosophy, history, religion, and science, and their contributions toward shaping the values and aspirations of the age. (3H,3C) I,II.
1224: INTRODUCTORY HUMANITIES: THE RENAISSANCE
The interrelationships among the arts, literature, philosophy, history, religion, and science of the Renaissance in Western Europe, and how they reflect and contribute to the shaping of the values and aspirations of the age. (3H,3C) I,II.
1314: INTRODUCTORY HUMANITIES: ENLIGHTENMENT & ROMANTICISM
Major notions and cultural expressions of the Enlightenment and of Romanticism. Emphasis on the interrelationships among the arts, literature, philosophy, history, religion, and science. (3H,3C) I,II.
1324: INTRODUCTORY HUMANITIES: THE MODERN WORLD
The shifts in thought and values over the past century in the Western imagination. Emphasis on the interrelationships among the arts, literature, philosophy, history, religion, and science, and their contributions toward shaping the values and aspirations of the age. (3H,3C) I,II.
1604: INTRODUCTION TO HUMANITIES & THE ARTS
Explores the verbal, visual, and aural arts of several important periods in Western history, setting them in the context of their times. Introduces the structural principles of each art form. (3H,3C) I,II.
1704: INTRODUCTION TO APPALACHIAN STUDIES
Traces the idea of Appalachia in American and world consciousness and its expression in the humanities and arts. Through comparison with other cultural groups, explores humanistic problems of cultural identity, assumptions, change, and manipulation. (3H,3C).
1914: EXPLORATIONS IN TRADITIONAL ASIAN CULTURES
An introduction to salient cultural characteristics of the major pre-modern Asian civilizations of the Middle East, India, China, Japan, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia. Differing visions of the human condition represented by these traditions are compared in case studies incorporating historical, literary, philosophical, and artistic works. (3H,3C).
1924: EXPLORATIONS IN MODERN ASIAN CULTURES
An introduction to the cultural modernization of major Asian societies since the eighteenth century. The cultural transformation of the Middle East, South Asia, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia are exemplified and compared in case studies that incorporate modern Asian historical, literary, philosophical, sociopolitical, and artistic works. (3H,3C).
2204: HUMANITIES & THE ARTS: THE CREATIVE PROCESS
Explores the theory and the experience of the creative process. Studies both essays on the process of creative activity and examples of its product. Includes a personal creative project. (3H,3C) I,II.
2004: RESEARCH STRATEGIES & LIBRARY RESOURCES
Focuses on familiarity with specific research tools and construction of logical, efficient methods to research a major paper. Open to all students and tailored to their majors. Concept of library as a learning laboratory. (3H,3C).
2104 (AINS 2104) (COMM 2104): ORAL TRADITIONS AND CULTURE
(Previously taught as HUM 1004.) Examination of the world's great oral traditions, both ancient and contemporary. Emphasis on performance contexts, relationships among orality, literacy, technology, media and society, and multicultural traditions. (3H,3C) I.
2214: EXPERIENCES IN THE ARTS
Guided exposure to selected works of art, including painting and sculpture, literature, and the performing arts as well as participation in arts events; exploration of ways in which individual works of art embody and help explain human experience. May not be repeated for credit. Pass/Fail only. (1H,1C) I,II.
2444 (CLA 2444): ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN MYTHOLOGY
Survey of Ancient Greek and Roman mythology and modern interpretations. In English. No knowledge of Ancient Greek or Latin required. Not for credit toward a Latin Minor. (2H,3C) I,II.
2454 (CLA 2454) (ENGL 2454): ANCIENT GREEK & LATIN LITERATURE IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION
A variable content course devoted to the study of major works of Ancient Greek and Latin literature in English translation. May be repeated for credit with different content. In English. No knowledge of Ancient Greek or Latin required. Not for credit toward a Latin Minor. (3H,3C) I,II.
2504: INTRODUCTION TO AMERICAN STUDIES
Methodology and tools of American Studies, emphasizing interrelations among social, cultural, and technological history, values, and artistic creation. Intensive study of a specific topic or period in American culture since 1850. (3H,3C) I.
2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.
2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
3014: HUMANITIES & THE ARTS: RENAISSANCE & EARLIER
Focuses on interdisciplinary topics involving interrelationships among various arts and/or artists (to the end of the Renaissance). (3H,3C).
3024: HUMANITIES & THE ARTS: POST RENAISSANCE
Focuses on interdisciplinary topics involving interrelationships among various arts and/or artists (from the end of the Renaissance through the present). (3H,3C).
3034 (COMM 3034): THEORIES OF POPULAR CULTURE
Relationship of popular culture to communication; ways to classify, analyze, and evaluate popular culture; history of main themes with emphasis on the United States; cultural evolution of the electronic revolution. Junior standing required. (3H,3C) I.
3204 (COMM 3204): MULTICULTURAL COMMUNICATION
Exploration of communication in various cultural groups through the medium of performance. Emphasis on understanding cultural differences and similarities in styles of communication, aesthetics, worldviews, and values. Included in Area 7 of the University Core Curriculum (3H,3C) II.
3464 (EDHL 3464) (GEOG 3464) (HD 3464) (NE 3464) (SOC 3464) (UAP 3464): APPALACHIAN COMMUNITIES
The concept of community in Appalachia using a multidisciplinary approach and experiential learning. Interrelationships among geographically, culturally, and socially constituted communities, public policy, and human development. Must have completed one 2000-level course in any cross-listing department. (2H,3L,3C) II.
3684 (HIST 3684): CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE SOVIET UNION & THE SUCCESSOR STATES
History and main characteristics of cultural life and the arts in the former Soviet Union, with emphasis on film, music, literature, and the relationship between elite and popular culture. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
3954: STUDY ABROAD
Variable credit course.
4004 (AINS 4004): TOPICS IN AMERICAN INDIAN STUDIES
A variable topics course in which students will engage in interdisciplinary methodology to pursue a critical and in-depth examination of various topics concenring and pertinent to American indigenous peoples. This course is repeatable for up to 6 hours credit with different topics. Pre: AINS/HUM 1104. (3H,3C).
4034 (COMM 4034): FUNCTIONS OF POPULAR CULTURE
Popular culture as a humanistic discipline; emphasis on archetypes, formulas, and genres; the function of ideas, images, and icons on the popular imagination. Senior standing required. (3H,3C) II.
4104: EXPLORATIONS IN ADVANCED HUMANITIES TOPICS
In-depth study of special interdisciplinary topics. Topics vary but involve a close and extensive study of the interrelationship between important cultural ideas and movements, and formative myths and values, and their expression in several of the following forms: literature, philosophy, religion, art, music, drama. May be taken only once for credit. (3H,3C)
4324 (REL 4324): TOPICS IN RELIGION & CULTURE
Selected topics from the religions of East and West such as time and the sacred, sacrifice, preliterate religions, women and religion, religion and science. May be taken three times for credit with different topics. 3 Religion credits required. (3H,3C) II.
4404: APPALACHIAN FOLK CULTURE
Examination of informal learning systems and traditional aesthetic expressions in Appalachia. Investigation of worldview and cultural premises as expressed in traditional artifacts. (3H,3C)
4414: CRITICAL ISSUES IN APPALACHIAN STUDIES
Examination of dominant value conflicts in contemporary Appalachia, focusing on questions of exploitation of human and natural resources. Comparative study of Appalachia, other mountain cultures worldwide, and the Third World. Pre: 1704. (3H,3C)
4554: SCIENCE CAPSTONE SEMINAR
Seminar for advanced undergraduates majoring in the natural sciences. Students and faculty representing several natural science disciplines (including biochemistry, biology, chemistry, geology, physics) participate in the preparation, presentation, and discussion of topics representing a wide range of interdisciplinary scientific interests. Pass/Fail only. (3H,3C) Invitation of student's major department required.
4964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.
4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.
Note: HUM 4404 and 4414 may be taken for graduate credit.
In conjunction with the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, the Humanities Program has developed several interdisciplinary courses that examine the characteristics of various cultures as manifested in their arts, literature, and thought. These courses are included in Area 2 of the University Core Curriculum.
2714 (FR 2714): INTRO. TO FRENCH CULTURE & CIVILIZATION
French culture and civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Interdisciplinary approach to literature, film, art, architecture, and theatre in the context of French cultural history. In English. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) I.
2724 (GER 2724): INTRO. TO GERMAN CULTURE & CIVILIZATION
German culture and civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Interdisciplinary approach to literature, film, art, architecture, music, and theatre in the context of German cultural history. In English. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) I.
2734 (RUS 2734): INTRO. TO RUSSIAN CULTURE & CIVILIZATION
Russian culture and civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Interdisciplinary approach to Russian literature, art, architecture, music, film, and theater in the context of Russian cultural history. In English. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
2744 (SPAN 2744): INTRO. TO SPANISH CULTURE & CIVILIZATION
Introduction to Spanish culture and civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Interdisciplinary approach combining the study of literature, the arts, architecture, music, theatre, and film in the context of Spanish cultural history. In English. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
2754 (SPAN 2754): INTRODUCTION TO SPANISH-AMERICAN CULTURE & CIVILIZATION
Spanish-American culture and civilization from the discovery of the New World to the present. Interdisciplinary approach to literature, film, art, architecture, music, and theatre in the context of Spanish-American cultural history. In English. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
Professors: R. M. Burian; G. L. Downey; M. Feingold; E. Fuhrman (Sociology); D. T. Zallen
Associate Professors: B. Allen; A. F. LaBerge
Assistant Professors: D. Breslau; E. Crist; S. Halfon
Visiting Assistant Professor: B. J. Reeves
The Science and Technology Studies Program (STS) offers interdisciplinary work at both the undergraduate and graduate levels that contributes to our understanding of the relations among science, technology, and society. At the undergraduate level, it offers a program in Humanities, Science, and Technology (HST). The two main themes in HST courses are (a) the human and societal dimensions of science and technology and (b) the historical, societal, and value issues pertaining to the biological sciences, physical sciences, engineering, and technology.
Most HST courses qualify for credit in Area 2 of the Core Curriculum. The 1000-level course examines how contemporary values influence developments in science and technology and, in turn, how science and technology help shape our values and influence the society in which we live. Courses at the 2000 level survey issues pertaining to a particular area of the sciences or engineering. Courses at the 3000 level focus on conceptual issues, examining formative ideas and cultural traditions, identifying the historical trajectories that brought these into existence, and enabling students to imagine and critically assess alternative futures. Finally, courses at the 4000 level explore the value dimensions of a specific topic, such as environmental science, health care, science and pseudo-science, and computerization.
STS also offers two university concentrations and a degree option in Humanities, Science, and Technology under the IDST major. Each concentration requires 18 semester hours, nine of which must be at the 3000 and 4000 levels.
This concentration may be designed to emphasize combinations of moral, aesthetic, intellectual, political, historical, philosophical, and sociological dimensions of science, technology, and medicine, through case studies and in-depth analysis. Students work with the concentration coordinator or the IDST Advising Center to design a coherent program.
Two introductory courses are required from the following list (6 semester hours):
HST 1504: Introduction to Humanities, Science, and Technology
HST/HIST 2054: Engineering Cultures
HST 2154: Humanities, Technology, and the Life Sciences
HST 2354: Humanities, Technology, and the Physical Sciences
HST 3105: Science and Technology in Modern Society
The remaining 12 hours needed to complete the concentration must be drawn from the following HST and related courses.
HST 1504: Introduction to Humanities, Science, and Technology
HST/HIST 2054: Engineering Cultures
HST 2154: Humanities, Technology, and the Life Sciences
HST 2354: Humanities, Technology, and the Physical Sciences
HST 3105: Science and Technology in Modern Society
HST/HIST 3705: History of Science I
HST/HIST 3706: History of Science II
HST/HIST 3715: History of Technology
HST/HIST 3716: History of Technology
HST 4304: Contemporary Issues in Humanities, Science, and Technology
HST 4504: Science, the Scientist, and Society
HST/WS 4704 Science and Gender
HST 4754: Internship
HST 4964: Field Study
HST 4974: Independent Study
HST 4984: Special Study
HST 4994: Undergraduate Research
GEOG 4074: Medical Geography*
HIST 3144: American Environmental History
HIST 3724: History of Disease, Medicine, and Health
HIST 4214: Topics in the History of Science, Medicine, and Technology
PHIL 2605: Reason in Science
PHIL 2606: Revolution in Science
PHIL 4604: Philosophy of Biology
PHIL 4614: Philosophy of Science*
SOC 4804: Sociology of Science*
SOC 4814: Sociology of Technology*
*These courses have a prerequisite.
This self-designed concentration requires in-depth study and practices of theories and methods of science and technology. Students choose a concentration or minor in one science or technology program; the student's program of study must be approved by the concentration coordinator in consultation with the relevant department(s). In some minors, more than 18 semester hours may be required to complete the concentration.
Students wishing to pursue the degree option in Humanities, Science, and Technology under the IDST major choose 12 hours from the introductory courses listed and 24 hours from the HST and related courses listed. This is the equivalent of two HST minors with no course overlap.
Students may also satisfy the degree option in Humanities, Science, and Technology under the IDST major by combining an 18-hour Humanities, Science, and Technology concentration with the Science and Technology concentration.
Students may also satisfy the degree option in Humanities, Science, and Technology under the IDST major by combining an 18-hour Humanities, Science, and Technology concentration with an existing approved IDST minor in the sciences, social sciences, or technology.
Advance approval of the specific program of courses is required.
1504: INTRODUCTION TO HUMANITIES, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
An introduction to ways of considering interrelationships among three of the major dimensions of our culture: its science, its technology, and its humanistic orientation. (2H,3C) I,II,III.
2054 (HIST 2054): ENGINEERING CULTURES
Development of engineering and its cultural roles in historical and cross-national perspectives. Explores roles of engineers and engineering in popular life, development of national styles, changing values in engineering problem solving, and effects of evolving forms of capitalism. (3H,3C).
2154: HUMANITIES, TECHNOLOGY, & THE LIFE SCIENCES
Examines the value-laden issues surrounding the professional dimensions of research in the biological and life sciences and provides humanistic perspectives on the role and function of science in society. (3H,3C) I,III.
2354: HUMANITIES, TECHNOLOGY, & THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Examines the value-laden issues surrounding the professional dimensions of research in the physical sciences and technology, and provides humanistic perspectives on the role and function of science in society. (3H,3C) I,II,III.
2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
3105,3106: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY IN MODERN SOCIETY
Examination of science and technology as social and cultural activities in the modern world. 3105: institutions and values in science and technology; 3106: value conflicts and decision making in science and technology. (3H,3C) 3105: I; 3106: II.
3705,3706 (HIST 3705, 3706): HISTORY OF SCIENCE
Conceptual and institutional development of physical and biological sciences viewed within a cultural and societal context. 3705: Early Science; 3706: Modern Science. (3H,3C) I,II.
3715,3716 (HIST 3715, 3716): HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY
Description of the development of technology and engineering in their social contexts. 3715: From prehistory to the industrial revolution in Europe and the United States, mid-19th century. 3716: From mid-19th century to the present. (3H,3C) 3715: I; 3716: II.
3984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
4304: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN HUMANITIES, SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Contemporary humanistic issues, such as human freedom and the quality of life, emerging from scientific and technological research in the areas of genetic and reproductive interventions, biotechnology, and environmental studies. (3H,3C) II.
4504: SCIENCE, THE SCIENTIST, & SOCIETY
The intellectual climate, social environment and personal motivations that affected a noteworthy scientist during his or her research career; for example, Darwin, Curie, Freud, and Einstein. (3H,3C) II.
4704 (WS 4704): GENDER & SCIENCE
Investigates the gender dimensions of science in both historical and contemporary perspectives. Discusses feminist studies of science, exploring strengths and limitations. Assesses implications of cultural assumptions about gender for practicing scientists. A 3000 level course science or engineering may satisfy the prerequisite. Pre: 1504 or WS 2244. (3H,3C)
4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.
STS is responsible for the Science and Technology Studies Graduate Program, administered in close cooperation with the departments of History, Philosophy, Political Science, and Sociology. The program offers the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees at both the Blacksburg and Falls Church campuses. (See the Graduate Catalog for further information.)
Professors: R. Ariew (Philosophy); B. Britt; W. Ochsenwald (History)
Associate Professors: C. Kiebuzinska (English); S. Knapp (English)
Assistant Professor: D. Forman-Barzilai
The Malcolm and Diane Rosenberg Program in Judaic Studies at Virginia Tech is the first of its kind in the state of Virginia. This is an academic, non-religious, culturally and historically focused program which we believe will promote dialogue between disciplines and cultures.
The program aims to nurture the common ground we all share and enhance the appreciation of diversity. In addition to its historical relevance, the study of Judaism allows us to examine such current trends and conflicts between nationalism and universalism; religion and secularism/individual and group identity.
The program is multidisciplinary in nature, and complements various existing courses and programs dedicated to major religions and cultures at Virginia Tech. The minor in Judaic Studies (IDJS) fits especially well as part of the Interdisciplinary Studies (IDST) major.
The minor is an option for students in all majors. The student who chooses a minor in Judaic Studies will work closely with a faculty advisor to tailor an academic program which fits the interests of the student while also ensuring the student's acquaintance with the diverse topics of Judaic Studies. The minor requires 18 credit hours, which may be used towards the IDST major with other majors at Virginia Tech. Students will take the two required courses and then choose four additional courses from three units, at least one course from each unit.
Required courses (6 hours):
JUD 2134: Judaism
JUD/REL 2405: Biblical History and Literature
Elective courses (12 hours, at least one course from each unit):
Unit 1: Hebrew Language
JUD/HEB 1104: Hebrew Language
JUD/HEB 1114: Accelerated Elementary Hebrew Language
Unit 2: The Jewish Experience
JUD/HIST 3494: The Holocaust
JUD 3424: Topics in Jewish Culture, History and Thought
REL 4414: Topics in Biblical Studies
JUD 4424: Adv. Topics in Jewish Culture, History and Thought
Unit 3: Israel Studies
HIST 2346: History of the Middle East
HIST 3654: The Arab-Israeli Dispute
JUD/PSCI 3544: The State of Israel: A Political History
JUD 4974: Independent Study
1104 (HEB 1104): INTRODUCTION TO HEBREW LANGUAGE, CIVILIZATION & CULTURE
Fundamentals of Modern Hebrew language with emphasis on grammar, reading, composition, and conversation. For students with no prior knowledge of the language. (3H,3C) I.
1114 (HEB 1114): ACCELERATED ELEMENTARY HEBREW LANGUAGE
Complementary introduction to the fundamentals of Modern Hebrew language with continued emphasis on grammar, reading, composition, and conversation. This course is for students who have completed 1104 or with permission from instructor. 1114 is a four-credit course with a self-instruction component that demands student time outside of class. Pre: 1104. (3H,2L,4C) II.
2134: JUDAISM: A SURVEY OF HISTORY, CULTURE & HERITAGE
A thematic and historical introduction to ancient, medieval, and modern Judaism, up to the founding of the State of Israel. Themes will include monotheism, exile, mysticism, Kabbala, Hasidism, anti-Semitism, the Holocaust, and Judaism in Israel and America. (3H,3C) I.
2414 (REL 2414): HEBREW BIBLE/OLD TESTAMENT
Introduction to the academic study of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament); a variety of scholarly approaches to the Bible, including historical-critical, literary, and gender studies. Emphasis on developing skills in critical thinking, reading, and writing about the Bible. Previously taught as 2405. (3H,3C) I.
3424: TOPICS IN JEWISH CULTURE, HISTORY & THOUGHT
Selected topics in Jewish culture, history and thought. The courses will focus on a variety of specific issues and will tend to be held as an in-depth seminar in affiliation with the Honor Student's Program. Possible topics include: Jewish thought and philosophy in one of the three periods- ancient, medieval or modern; the American Jewish experience; Jewish music and art (Judaica); Jewish mysticism, and various cultural movements and religious traditions. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) I.
3494 (HIST 3494): THE HOLOCAUST
This course provides a historical account, a psychological analysis and an occasion for philosophical contemplation on the Holocaust. We will examine the deliberate and systematic attempt to annihilate the Jewish people by the National Socialist German State during World War II. Although Jews were the primary victims, Gypsies, the handicapped, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses and political dissidents were targeted, we will discuss their faith as well. The class will be organized around the examination of primary sources: written accounts, photographic and film, personal testimony. Taught alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
3544 (PSCI 3544): THE STATE OF ISRAEL: A POLITICAL HISTORY
This course provides a survey on the political history of the State of Israel and highlights major themes uniquely characterizing the specific events surrounding its establishment and its first 50 years of existence. Additionally, the course will add a comparative dimension by using the political history of Israel as a case study to discuss major themes in political science such as democracy, government, political economy, etc. Taught PSCI 1024 or JUD 2134. alternate years. Pre: PSCI 1024 or JUD 2134. (3H,3C) II.
4424: ADV TOPICS IN JEWISH CULTURE, HISTORY & THOUGHT
Selected topics in Jewish culture, history and thought. The courses will focus on a variety of more advanced and more specific issues than those offered in JUD 3424. These courses will be held as an an-depth seminar in affiliation with the Honor Student's Program. Possible topics includes: the Philosophy of Maimonides, Spinoza or Buber, or a course dedicated to one of the following topics Kabbalah, Hasidism, The American Jewish experience in the first half of the 20th century, and Oriental Jewish art and folklore. Two JUD courses or senior standing required. Alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
Professor: E. Struthers Malbon
Associate Professor: B. Britt
Assistant Professors: A. Abeysekara; S. Floyd-Thomas
Religion is a topic as broad as the study of people, their histories, literatures, arts, and ways of thinking. To study religion is to explore the many ways people in various cultures and times have expressed their deepest convictions about the nature of life, death, and the universe.
Studies in religion offer an examination of the values and sacred traditions that have been cherished throughout history. Courses in religious studies use a variety of approaches. Some are descriptive in character, dealing with historical or contemporary forms of religious phenomena and thought. Others employ literary methods in the study of sacred texts or engage the student in reflection about contemporary religious and secular thought and issues. By examining a diversity of traditions and viewpoints, a program in religious studies provides the resources for an intellectually responsible appraisal of one's own value commitments. As part of a broad liberal arts education, a concentration in religious studies may lead to graduate study in a variety of fields or to professional training in ministerial or social service vocations.
The Religious Studies minor may be completed by any student whose major requires or permits a minor. The Religious Studies minor may also be chosen as one of two individually selected minors (or concentrations) as part of the Interdisciplinary Studies (IDST) degree. For the Religious Studies minor, a student must complete a total of 18 semester hours (usually 6 courses) in Religion, including 6 hours at the 1000 level, 6 hours at the 2000-4000 level, and 6 hours at the 3000-4000 level. In the process of meeting these requirements, the student must also satisfy a diversity requirement by successfully completing one of the following REL courses: 1014, 2144, 2234, 2734, 2744, 3214, 3224, 3234, or 4074 or 4324 with an appropriate and approved topic.
1014: ASIAN RELIGIONS
The nature of "religion," approaches to understanding "religion," traditional and contemporary features of Asian "religions" (including Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Shinto), including their manifestations in the USA and their involvement in critical issues in a global context. Previously taught as 1015. (3H,3C) I.
1024: JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, ISLAM
The nature of "religion," approaches to understanding "religion," traditional and contemporary features of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, including their manifestations in the USA and their involvement in critical issues in a global context. Previously taught as 1016. (3H,3C) II.
1034: RELIGION & THE MODERN WORLD
Modern challenges to traditional religion and responses to these challenges, including conservative, liberal, and radical responses; science and religion; issues of race and gender; church and state issues. Previously taught as 1025. (3H,3C) II.
1044: RELIGIOUS ETHICS
Influential representative social and religious ethical perspectives from the mid-sixties to the present; ethical reasoning on current pressing and perennial social issues based on historical and ethical analysis of case studies; theoretical assumptions about morality as the relation between justice and the good. Previously taught as 1026. (3H,3C) I.
2104 (GR 2104): GREEK NEW TESTAMENT
Readings from the New Testament in Greek, with attention to grammatical analysis, historical background and other clues to interpretation. Taught even years. Pre: GR 1106. (3H,3C).
2124: RELIGION IN AMERICAN LIFE
The role of religion in American life in selected periods from the original settlements to the present; the influence of religious institutions and movements in American history and the impact of the "American experience" on religious life and expression. Alternate years. (3H,3C)
2144 (BLST 2144): AFRICAN RELIGIONS
The role of religious (or belief) systems in African societies, especially the three predominant religious traditions in Africa: the so-called African Traditional Religions, Islam, and Christianity; the universe of religious systems and religious experiences and processes of Africa, in particular, Sub-Saharan Africa; critical examination of the mythic stature of Africa's "religions" within Western cultural (and scholarly) world views and institutions. (3H,3C) I.
2154: RELIGION & ECOLOGY
The cyclical nature of natural and urban ecosystems; how human interaction impacts the environment; how the affected environment; how the affected environment then shapes human lives physically, culturally, and spiritually; how environmentally affected lives affect human treatment of the biosphere. Includes classroom problem solving techniques, service learning, and community activism. Alternate years. (3H,3C)
2234 (WS 2234): WOMEN, ETHICS, & RELIGION
Women's religious ethical formation; the roles and understanding of women in traditional and major modern religious traditions; authoritative writings and practices of various traditions as they focus on issues of sex and gender; gynocentric methods of study of women, ethics, and religion; feminist and womanist approaches to liberation and social change. (3H,3C) II.
2414 (JUD 2414): HEBREW BIBLE/OLD TESTAMENT
Introduction to the academic study of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament); a variety of scholarly approaches to the Bible, including historical-critical, literary, and gender studies methods. Emphasis on developing skills in critical thinking, reading, and writing about the Bible. Previously taught as 2405. (3H,3C) I.
2424: NEW TESTAMENT
Introduction to the academic study of the New Testament; a variety of scholarly approaches to the New Testament, including historical-critical, redaction critical, and literary methods. Emphasis on developing skills in critical thinking, reading, and writing about the New Testament as a way of understanding the faith and history of early Christianity. Previously taught as 2406. (3H,3C) II.
2734 (BLST 2734) (WS 2734): THE BLACK WOMAN IN THE U.S.
The emerging womanist perspective of "interstructured oppression" (i.e., the simultaneous effects of racism, sexism, and classism) as relevant to the contributions of Black women in the United States of America; views of Black women from African backgrounds, the Atlantic slave trade, and the progressive rise of womanist/feminist liberation movements in Black culture; contributions of Black women in the U.S. and globally. Alternate years. (3H,3C)
2744 (BLST 2744): THE BLACK CHURCH IN AMERICA
Interdisciplinary approach to African American religious experiences, utilizing traditional theological disciplines to analyze the ethos, pathos, logos, and theos that members of the African American faith communities pass down from generation to generation; the cultural, philosophical, and spiritual values of African American peoples viewed through the lens of Black non-fiction and fiction narratives; impact of the contexts of slavery and racism on Black life and religious expression. Alternate years. (3H,3C)
2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.
2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
3024: RELIGION & LITERATURE
Analysis of literary works and critical debates in four areas: pilgrimage, myth, disaster, and transcendence. Students will make presentations, develop their own research projects, and design sessionswith short reading assignmentslater in the semester. As a final project, students will assemble a portfolio charting their work in the course. Alternate years. (3H,3C) II.
3214: RELIGION & CULTURE IN INDIA
Interaction of religion and culture from Indus Valley civilization to the present; Brahmanism and Hinduism, the Buddha and his teachings, Parsis, Jains, Sikhs, and their respective literatures and rituals; modern reforms and recent trends. Alternate years. (3H,3C)
3224: RELIGIONS OF CHINA & JAPAN
Religious movements in East Asia with reference to specific situations in China and Japan; Confucianism, Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, Vajrayana, Shinto, Japanese Folk Religions, the "New Religions" of Japan; recent trends. Alternate years. (3H,3C)
3234: ISLAM
The rise of Islam under the Prophet Muhammad in Arabia and its spread across Asia and Africa. The development of Islam in the Middle Ages and its resurgence in the 20th century. Alternate years. Pre: 1024. (3H,3C)
3414: JESUS & THE GOSPELS
Academic study of the four canonical gospels; Matthew, Mark, Luke, John; several scholarly methodologies; the problem of the historical Jesus; noncanonical gospels. Alternate years. Pre: 2414 or 2424. (3H,3C) I.
3424: PAUL & HIS INTERPRETERS
Academic study of the New Testament letters by or attributed to Paul; historical, literary, and theological context of the letters; classic and contemporary interpreters. Alternate years. Pre: 2414 or 2424. (3H,3C) I.
4074 (HIST 4074): TOPICS IN RELIGIOUS & INTELLECTUAL HISTORY
Selected topics in the role of religion and intellectual systems in human history. May be repeated with different content. 3 other hours of history required. Junior standing greater required. Pre: HIST 2004. (3H,3C)
4324 (HUM 4324): TOPICS IN RELIGION & CULTURE
Selected topics from the religions of the world such as time and the sacred, preliterate religions, women and religion, religion and science, mysticism. May be taken three times for credit with different topics. Pre: 3 REL credits. (3H,3C)
4414: TOPICS IN BIBLICAL STUDIES
Selected topics concerning either the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) or the New Testament or both; a specific subject, theme, or biblical book chosen for careful, detailed analysis. Alternate years. Pre: 2414 or 2424 or 3414 or 3424. (3H,3C)
4964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.
4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.
Member, National Women's Studies Association
Professors: C. Burch-Brown (WS/Center for Interdisciplinary Studies); A. Kilkelly (WS/Center for Interdisciplinary Studies)
Associate Professors: C. Burger (WS); L. Gillman (WS); N. King (WS/Humanities); M. McCaughey (WS)
Assistant Professors: L. Parisi (WS)
Adjunct Professors: K. Allen (Human Development); R. Blieszner (Human Development); G. Downey (Science & Technology Studies); M. Murray (Mathematics); J. Rothschild (Sociology)
Adjunct Associate Professors: M. Boler (Teaching and Learning); T. Calasanti (Sociology); E. Creamer (IDST); W. Dunaway (Sociology); K. Jones (History); B. Hausman (English); M. Lederman (Biology); R. Shingles (Political Science)
Adjunct Assistant Professors: N. Alexander-Floyd (Black Studies); S. Halfon (Science & Technology Studies); M. Mollin (History); E. Plummer (Director, The Women's Center)
Women's Studies offers courses for all students in the university, including four in Area 2 of the University Core Curriculum (WS 1824 and WS 2224, WS 2234, and WS 2254), one in Area 3 (WS 2264), and two in Area 7 (WS 2234 and WS 3214), and two 18-hour Minors in Women's Studies and in Women's Leadership. The WS Minors are interdisciplinary, cross-cultural progams of study in which students cultivate an understanding of the complex ways in which gender is defined in relation to social structure, history, culture, and technology. The field of women's studies transforms traditional disciplines through new methods and theories generated by feminist scholarship. The WS Minors offer students new ways of thinking about how issues of sex and gender shape social, political, economic, and institutional structures as well as personal experiences and perceptions. Central to the mission of the WS Program is the empowerment of a diverse population of women, both in the academy and in society, within local, regional, and global contexts. WS is on the Web at http://www.idst.vt.edu/ws.
To complete the Minor in Women's Studies, the following coursework is required: 18 semester hours as outlined below. Nine hours of preparatory course work at the 1000 and 2000 level are required. Students also complete nine hours of more advanced course work at the 3000 level or above. At the 4000 level, students must complete either WS 4114 or WS 4224. Students must complete at least three hours of a WS course (including cross-listed and approved courses) with a focus on gender and race (designated below with *).
1000 Level (3 hours). This introductory course is required:
WS 1824: Introduction to Women's Studies, Area 2
2000 Level (6 hours). Students select two electives from the following list:
WS 2224: Women, Culture and the Arts (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of instructor), Area 2
*WS 2234 (BLST 2234) (REL 2234): Women, Ethics, and Religion, Area 2, also in Area 7
WS 2244: Women and Science (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of instructor), Area 2, also writing intensive
WS 2254: Feminist Activism (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of instructor), Area 2
*WS 2264: Race, Class, and Gender (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of instructor), Area 3
*WS 2734 (BLST 2734) (REL 2734): Black Women in the U.S.
WS 2974: Independent Study (by arrangement with a professor)
WS 2984: Special Study (may be repeated with a different topic)
3000 Level (3-6 hours). Students select one or two course from the following list:
WS 3004: Topics in Feminism (may be repeated with a different topic) (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of instructor)
*WS 3214 Global Feminisms (Pre: WS 2264), Area 7
4000 Level (3-6 hours). Students must complete (at least) either WS 4114 orWS 4224 from the list below:
WS 4114: Feminist Theory (Pre: WS 1824 and junior standing or permission of instructor)
WS 4224: Women's Studies Senior Capstone Seminar (topics vary) (Pre: WS 1824 and junior standing or permission of instructor)
WS 4704 (HST 4704): Gender and Science (writing intensive)
WS 4754: Internship (by arrangement with a professor) (Pre: WS 1824 plus any other WS course)
WS 4974: Independent Study (by arrangement with a professor)
WS 4984: Special Study (may be repeated with a different topic)
Note: Some courses outside WS are pre-approved as electives fulfilling the WS Minor. These courses are listed on the WS web site. Non-WS courses can not be substituted for 1000 and 2000 level WS courses.
The Minor in Women's Leadership consists of a minimum of 19 credit hours, divided as follows: 6 hours preparatory course work at the 1000-2000 level are required. Students also complete 10 hourse of advanced coursework at the 3000-4000 level.
I. Foundations (6 hours required; no substitutions)
LDRS 1016: Exploring Citizen Leadership: Communities of Praxis (when the focus is on women/gender and leadership) (Pre: Membership in the Residential Leadership Community required)
WS 2254: Feminist Activism (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of the instructor), Area 2
WS 2264: Race, Class, and Gender (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of the instructor), Area 3
II. Advanced Work (3000/4000 level classes in WS) (6 hourse required; no substitutions)
WS 3004: Topics in Feminism (when the topic pertains to women's leadership) (Pre: WS 1824 or permission of the instructor)
WS 3214: Global Feminism (Pre: WS 2264), Area 7
WS 4114: Feminist Theory (Pre: WS 1824 and junior stnading or permission of the instructor)
WS 4224: Women's Studies Senior Capstone Seminar (when the topic pertains to women's leadership) (Pre: WS 1824 and junior standing or permission of the instructor)
III. Capstone (4 hours required) Supervised by Elen Plummer, Women's Center
WS 4754. Combined internship (3 credits) and "Feminist Praxis" (1 credit) taught by Ellen Plummer, Director of the Women's Center. (Pre: WS 1824 plus any other WS course)
3 hours of 3000/4000 level internship experience in another department as long as the internship focuses on relevant issues, plus 1 credit of WS 4754 with Ellen Plummer
IV. Pre-Approved Electives (3-6 hours)
Note: Other pre-approved electives outside of WS for a given semester are listed on the WS web site. Non-WS courses can not be substituted for required women's studies courses.
AAEC 4304: Environment and Sustainable Development Economics (Pre: AAEC 1005 or ECON 2115)
AAEC 4314: Environmental Economic Analysis & Management (Pre: AAEC 4304, ECON 4014, FOR 3424)
AE 3014: Leadership Effectiveness for Professionals in Agricultural Organizations
COMM 2004: Public Speaking (Pre: Sophomore standing. Credit may not be earned for both COMM 2004 and 2014)
EDHL 4514: Administration and Organization of Community Health Programs
HST/HIST 2054: Engineering Cultures
IDST 3114: Topics in Interdisciplinary Studies (when the topic pertains to leadership)
IS 4014: Seminar in Grassroots Development
LAR 2554 (FOR 2554): Nature and American Values
LAR 4234: Theory and Practice of Urban Design
LDRS 1015: Exploring Citizen Leadership: Contexts and Competencies, and LDRS 1016: Communities of Praxis (combined will count for 3 hours, when 1016 does not have a focus on women and leadership) (Pre: Membership in the Residential Leadership Community required)
MGT 3304: Management Theory and Leadership Practice (Pre: junior standing)
MGT 4334: Ethical Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility (Pre: MGT 3304)
MGT 4344: Productivity and Quality Leadership (Pre: MGT 3304, 3324, BIT 3414. Management majors only. Senior standing required
MGT 4354: Leadership: Advances in Skills and Concepts (Pre: MGT 3304, senior standing)
NR 4404 (ALS 4404, FIW 4464) Human Dimensions of Fisheries & Wildlife
PHIL 2304: Global Ethics
PHIL 4324 (MGT 4324): Business and Professional Ethics
PSCI 3214: Political Participation (Pre: PSCI 1014 or 1024)
PSCI 3256: The Politics of Race, Ethnicity and Gender (Pre: PSCI 1014 or 1024)
PSCI 3714 (UAP 3714): The U.S. Policy Process (Pre: 1014)
PSCI 3744 (UAP 3744): Public Policy Analysis (Pre: PSCI 1014)
PSCI 4624 (UAP 4624): The Washington Semester: Seminar in American Politics and Public Policy (pre: junior standing or instructor consent and acceptance into the Washington Semester Program)
PSCI 4644 (UAP 4644): The Washington Semester: Politics, Policy and Administration in a Democracy (Pre: junior standing or instructor consent and acceptance into the Washington Semester Program)
PSYC 4024: Industrial and Organizational Psychology (Pre: PSYC 2004, STAT 3604)
SOC 2714 (AAEC 2714): Community Organization and Leadership (Pre: sophomore standing)
SOC 3304: Collective Action (Pre: SOC 1004)
SOC 4054: Voluntary Associations (Pre: SOC 1004)
TA 3604: Arts Management (Pre: junior standing)
TA 4304: Theatre Outreach (Pre: junior standing; instructor consent)
UAP 3414: Theories of Public and Non-Profit Organizations (Pre: PSCI 1014)
UAP 4214: Women, Environment, and Development in a Global Perspective (Pre: UAP 3344 or 3354)
UAP 4264: Environmental Ethics and Policy (Pre: UAP 3344 or 3354)
UAP 4404 (ALS 4404, NR 4404): Approaches to International Development
1824: INTRODUCTION TO WOMEN'S STUDIES
This multi-disciplinary introduction to Women's Studies examines the experiences of women and their contributions to civilization, and includes study of contemporary scholarship on topics relevant to women such as the workplace, the family, technology, and the arts. (3H,3C)
2224: WOMEN AND CREATIVITY
A study of the philosophical, artistic, and biographical dimensions of women's creativity in a wide variety of fields. Pre: 1824 or consent of the instructor. (3H,3C)
2234 (REL 2234): WOMEN, ETHICS, & RELIGION
Women's religious ethical formation; the roles and understandings of women in traditional and major modern religious traditions; authoritative writings and practices of various traditions as they focus on issues of sex and gender; gynocentric methods of study of women, ethics, and religion; feminist and womanist approaches to liberation and social change. (3H,3C) II.
WS 2244: WOMEN AND SCIENCE
Uses research from the disciplines of science, women's studies, history, sociology, and philosophy to examine women's roles in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Starting with historical students, students will follow the progress women have made in entering and succeeding in science careers. Pre: 1824 (3H,3C).
WS 2254: FEMINIST ACTIVISM
Explores the history of individual and collective action geared toward gaining women's rights and improving women's positions in society. Course covers various tensions and shifts in feminist movements, as well as the various perspectives, agendas, and actions of specific subgroups of groups of women whose perspectives sometimes conflict. Service-learning is a required component of the course. Pre: 1824. (3H,3C)
WS 2264: RACE, CLASS, AND GENDER
This course focuses on the interrelationships of race, class, and gender in the context of women's studies scholarship, and explores how these interrelationships have influenced the experiences of all people in the U.S. Students will learn to conceptualize these categories as interactive systems, not just as separate features of experience. Emphasis will be put on how race, class, and gender shape all social institutions and systems of meaning. Must have prerequisite or instructor's consent. Pre: 1824. (3H,3C) I,II.
2734 (BLST 2734) (REL 2734): BLACK WOMEN IN THE U.S.
The emerging womanist perspective of "interstructured oppression" (i.e., the simultaneous effects of racism, sexism, and classism) as relevant to the contributions of Black women in the United States of America; views of Black women from African backgrounds, the Atlantic slave trade, and the progressive rise of womanist/feminist liberation movements in Black culture; contributions of Black women in the U.S. and globally. (3H,3C)
2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
3004: TOPICS IN FEMINISM
A variable topics course that addresses how the social construction of gender shapes social, cultural, political, economic, and institutional structures as well as individual experiences and perceptions. The course stresses interdisciplinary approaches to topics of emerging interest in feminist scholarship. Can be taken up to three times for credit with varying topic. Pre: 1824, 2000-level Women's Studies course, or instructor consent. (3H,3C)
3214: GLOBAL FEMINISMS
An introduction to the gendered analysis of global women's issues with a special focus on women of color. Examines the multiple and diverse sites of feminist struggle within the third world, and between first and third worlds both in the U.S. and internationally. Studies the impact of women of political movements such as nationalism, colonialism, revolution, authoritarianism, and democracy. Compares theories originating with women of color in the U.S. with those from international third worlds. Pre: 2264 (3H,3C). Variable credit course. May be repeated with a different topic.
4114: FEMINIST THEORY
An examination of the principal conceptual bases underlying feminist theory across the disciplines. Senior standing required. Pre: 1824. (3H,3C)
4224: WOMEN'S STUDIES SEMINAR
This multi-disciplinary, multi-cultural course examines a significant topic in Women's Studies, utilizing the perspectives of history, biology, psychology, political science, sociology, and the arts. Variable topics. Pre: 1824, 2224. (3H,3C)
4704 (HST 4704): GENDER & SCIENCE
Investigates the gender dimensions of science in both historical and contemporary perspectives. Discusses feminist studies of science, exploring strengths and limitations. Assesses implications of cultural assumptions about gender for practicing scientists. A 3000 level course in science or engineering may satisfy prerequisite. Pre: 2224 or HST 1504. (3H,3C)
4754: INTERNSHIP
Qualified students will be placed with a community agency or on-campus office which addresses contemporary issues of gender, class, and/or race, and will meet periodically with an appropriate faculty member to discuss assigned readings that will provide a context for the work experience. Students will also be expected to keep a journal and to write up a final evaluation of the experience. Variable credit: may be taken for up to 6 elective credits in the Women's Studies concentration. Junior standing, screening interviews with Tech faculty and with the service agency and consent required. Variable credit course. Pre: 1824.
4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.
4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.
4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.
Virginia Tech -- Undergraduate Catalog, 2002-2004
Last update: August 2002
URL: http://www.vt.edu/academics/ugcat/ucdCIS.html