College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Agricultural Technology Associate Degree Program

Overview

• The program offers a concentrated, two-year, college level experience to individuals who wish to complete an associate degree in order to pursue careers in agriculture. Options in agricultural business, animal agriculture, landscape and turf management, and crop production are offered.
• Agricultural Business emphasizes strategic management and economic issues of the agricultural industry, including urban pest management. Laboratories stress the use of modern management methods and computer applications for problem solving. Courses include instruction in financial record keeping, agricultural law, professional selling, personnel management, strategic marketing, whole business planning, and information systems.
• Animal Agriculture focuses on the production and use of animals and animal products. This curriculum includes courses in genetics, nutrition, reproduction, health, management, business, mechanics, and forage production. It stresses biological and economic aspects of animal production and management.
• Landscape and Turf Management prepares students for careers in the green industry, including golf course management. The focus is on turfgrass and landscape installation, maintenance, and management. Courses cover landscape design, site preparation, construction and maintenance, turfgrass species selection, installation, and management. Additional course work includes important topics such as integrated pest management, business practices, computer applications, agricultural chemicals and their application.
• Crop Production concentrates on the production and use of field and forage crops, dealing with their biology and management. Important components include soils and soil fertility, tillage, integrated pest management, fruit and vegetable, and other cropping practices.

Course Requirements for Major

Core Courses
AT 0104: Computer Applications	2
AT 0114: Applied Ag. Math	3
AT 0144: Comm. Skills	3
AT 0164: Animal Agriculture	4
AT 0184: Plant Biology & Soil Science	3
AT 0194: Ag. Tech. Internship	4
AT 0224: Personnel Management	3
AT 0234: Intro. to Agribusiness & Financial Management	4
AT 0504: Ag. Technology I	1
AT 0514: Contemporary Ag. Issues	3
Requirements for Agricultural Business
Required courses	21
Free Electives	17
Requirements for Animal Agriculture
Required Courses	29
Free Electives	9
Requirements for Crop Production
Required Courses	34
Free Electives	4
Requirements for Landscape and Turf Management
Required Courses	36
Free Electives	2
Total Credits Required	64

• Students are required to complete an occupational internship in their option which provides practical experiences in a work environment. The internship usually occurs during the summer between the first and second year of the program.
• Agricultural Technology admissions are handled through the office in Litton Reaves Hall. Foreign language is not a requirement of this program. Recommended high school courses include Algebra I and Geometry (minimum), a lab science, and a computer class. Agricultural Technology students have the same rights and privileges as other students at Virginia Tech, except for membership in the Corps of Cadets and participation in NCAA sports. Selected agricultural technology courses can be transferred to a bachelor's degree program in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and for students majoring in Agricultural Education in the College of Human Resources and Education at Virginia Tech. Bachelor degree students are not permitted to enroll in Agricultural Technology courses.

Satisfactory Progress towards Degree

• Students must achieve and maintain a cumulative 2.00 GPA each semester;
• All AT courses will be used in the calculation of the GPA.

Undergraduate Course Descriptions (AT)

0114: APPLIED AGRICULTURE MATHEMATICS
This course will provide students with a background in the mathematical methods and operations used to solve numerical problems arising in soils, dairy, horticulture, landscape, poultry, turf, crops, livestock and feeds. Students will become acquainted with terminology and equations unique to agricultural businesses and enterprises. Emphasis is placed on solving word problems. (3H,3C) I.

0124: AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY & MECHANICS
Introduction to the operation and maintenance of internal combustion engines, field machinery, tractor and power units, and shop to include the fundamentals of gas and arc welding. (2H,3L,3C) II.

0134: INTRODUCTION TO AGRIBUSINESS
Introduction to the functions of agribusiness enterprise within the U.S. economic framework. Introduces economic systems, cooperatives, essential elements of business organization, production, finance, marketing, and human resources management. (3H,3C) I.

0144: COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Oral and written communication skills, including business and technical writing, public speaking and interpersonal communication. Instruction and practice in the application of communication skills for business and agriculture. (2H,2L,3C) II.

0154: INTERNSHIP ORIENTATION
Comprehensive orientation to the summer occupational internship. Emphasis on policies and procedures, learning objectives, strategies for learning, time management and evaluation procedures. (15H,1C)

0164: ANIMAL AGRICULTURE
Study of animal products, production methods and management systems for beef, sheep, horses, dairy, swine and poultry. Classroom instruction, demonstrations and hands-on experience with university livestock and poultry. (3H,3L,4C) I.

0184: PLANT BIOLOGY AND SOIL SCIENCE
Basic plant and soil science principles and their applications to sound plant production. Emphasis on practical experiences in laboratory/field settings. (2H,2L,3C)

0194: AT INTERNSHIP
Practical experience in a selected agricultural enterprise, under the direct supervision of owner, manager, or supervisor. Internship will be evaluated by faculty member. Written reports of work experience activities are required. Completion of at least 28 credits with a minimum GPA of2.00 required. Variable credit course. X-grade allowed.

0214: LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
Agri-business principles and practices in the production and management of beef, and dairy cattle, sheep, swine, and horses. Practical emphasis on opportunities to improve efficiency and reduce the production costs through selection, reproduction, nutrition, and farm management. Must be second year student in Agricultural Technology. (5H,10L,3C)

0224: LABOR MANAGEMENT (SUPERVISION)
Principles and practices in the recruitment, selection, and compensation of employees. Emphasis is placed on employer/employee relationships, including incentive programs. The impacts of safety and environmental concerns on the health and well-being of agricultural employees will also be incorporated in the course materials. Must be second year student in Agricultural Technology. Odd years. Pre: 0134. (2H,2L,3C) I.

0234: INTRO AGRIBUS & FINANCIAL MGT
Introduction to the functions of agribusiness enterprise within the U.S. Economic framework. Introduces economic systems, cooperatives, essential elements of business organization, agribusiness records, budgets, and management tools for decision-making. Emphasis on creating financial statements, business planning, development and analysis of budgets, investing in a business, and time value of money. (3H,2L,4C)

0244: AGRICULTURAL LAW AND TAX MANAGEMENT
Principles of law involved in the operation of farm and agribusinesses, emphasizing contracts, land ownership problems, legal liability, leases, tax and inheritance laws. Special topics in areas of land ownership, estates, depreciation and gift taxes of primary importance to the farm and agribusiness firm. Even years. Pre: 0134. (2H,2L,3C) II.

0264: MKTG AG COMMODITIES
Introduction to the agricultural marketing system with emphasis on factors determining farm level prices. Basic supply and demand concepts including the impact of international trade and public policy. Management of market risk through the use of futures markets and vertical coordination. Even years. (2H,2L,3C) I.

0274: STRATEGIC AGRIBUSINESS MARKETING AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Principles of marketing through the agribusiness industry including the strategic management of products, distribution, promotion, and pricing to improve business performance. Pre: 0234. (3H,2L,4C)

0284: AGRICULTURAL SELLING
A course designed to provide a fundamental understanding of professional selling in the agricultural environment. The student will be asked to prepare and make a sales presentation for an agricultural product. The safety and environmental concerns associated with the purchase and/or use of an agricultural product or service will also be incorporated in the course materials. Must be second year student in Agriculture Technology. (2H,2L,3C) II.

0294: LIVESTOCK MERCHANDISING
A comprehensive study of the principles and activities involved in successfully promoting and merchandising livestock. A livestock auction will be held at the conclusion of the course to provide experiences in advertising, salesmanship, facility development, sale management, and budgeting. Pre: Second year student. (2H,2C) I.

0304: MEATS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS EVALUATION AND PROCESSING
Principles and applications of the evaluation and utilization of animal products of beef, pork, lamb, poultry and dairy origin with emphasis on the conversion of live animals to retail cuts and processed meats and milk into dairy products. (6L,2C) II.

0314: ANIMAL BREEDING AND SELECTION
Fundamental principles of animal genetics applied to the genetic improvement of meat animals, dairy cattle, and horses. Emphasis on trait inheritance, performance testing, selection of replacements, and breeding systems. Must be second year student in Agricultural Technology. Pre: 0114. (2H,2C) I.

0324: LIVESTOCK REPRODUCTION
Principles and practices of reproductive management used to maximize reproductive efficiency in dairy and beef cattle, sheep, swine, and horses. Must be second year student in Agriculture Technology. Pre: 0164. (1H,2L,2C) II..

0334: PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL HEALTH
A general introduction to animal health principles of farm animal species, intended to provide an understanding of the fundamentals of disease processes and animal health care. The emphasis is on disease prevention and control rather than on the treatment of disease. Must be second year student in Agriculture Technology. (2H,3L,3C) I.

0344: AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT II
Comprehensive application of business and economic principles to the management of farms, agribusinesses, and other small businesses. Emphasis on financial planning and analysis, and technical and economic efficiency. Pre: 0234. (2H,2L,3C) I.

0354: FEEDS AND FEEDING
Principles and practices of livestock feeding. Anatomy and physiology of ruminant and non-ruminant digestive systems. Emphasis on nutrient requirements and ration formulation. Computerized ration formulation and evaluation. Co: 0104. (1H,2L,2C) II.

0384: AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS
Building materials, planning for remodeling, and construction of farm buildings and livestock facilities. Includes electricity and water requirements, maintenance, site selection, and cost effective planning. Co: 0114. (2H,3L,3C) I.

0404: IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
Principles applied to solving irrigation and drainage problems. Practices of water management, including the hydrologic cycle, conservation devices, irrigation and drainage equipment and maintenance. Pre: 0114, 0184. (2H,3L,3C) II.

0414: SOILS AND FERTILIZERS
Physical, chemical, and biological properties that determine the suitability of soil for production of specific agronomic and horticultural crops, including landscape and turfgrass plants. Properties that influence crop yield and quality; properties of fertilizer and lime materials and their use in crop production; soil testing and plant analysis and their use in developing crop fertilization programs. (2H,2L,3C)

0434: PEST MANAGEMENT: INSECTS, DISEASES, AND WEEDS
Identification, classification, and life cycles of economically important insects, plant pathogens, and weeds. Pest management methods: cultural practices, chemical control, biological control, host plant resistance, etc. (3H,3L,4C) I.

0444: AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT III
A capstone course uniting the management principles learned in previous business courses. Emphasis on whole-business planning, evaluation, and problem resolution. Pre: 0344, 0224, 0264, 0274. (2H,2L,3C) II.

0454: ADVANCED MACHINERY AND SHOP SKILLS
Advanced applications of equipment operation and shop skills for agronomic farm businesses. Including maintenance and repair of tractors, field equipment and power tools. Engine analysis and welding will be taught. Must be second year student in Agriculture Technology. Pre: 0124. (5H,10L,3C)

0464: TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT
Turfgrass management systems are evaluated for parks, cemeteries, lawns, athletic fields, roadsides, and golf courses. Turfgrass establishment, mowing, irrigation, fertilization, soil management, and pest management are discussed. Pre: 0524. (2H,3L,3C) I.

0474: AGRIBUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
This course unites the management principles learned in previous business courses and applies current technology and information systems to routine management challenges. Emphasis will be placed on whole-business planning, evaluation, and problem resolution. Accounting, database, desktop publishing, document management, and web-development software will be utilized. Pre: 0224, 0234, 0274. (3H,2L,4C)

0484: POULTRY MANAGEMENT
Modern management methods used in the production of chickens and turkeys. Emphasis on reproduction, nutrition, genetics, sanitation and health, and housing. Practical experience will be gained through laboratory activities and the completion of a management project and report on the species selected. Pre: 0314, 0324, 0354. (2H,3L,3C) I.

0494: DAIRY MANAGEMENT
Concepts of efficient and profitable management of modern dairy herds. Application of basic principles of business, milking, mastitis control, milk quality, herd replacements, feeding, breeding, reproduction, herd health, housing, and milk marketing management to profitable dairy farming. Pre: 0314, 0324, 0354. (2H,3L,3C) II.

0504: AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY I
Orientation to the Agriculture Technology program and resources available at Virginia Tech. Introduction to state, national, and international agriculture; internship requirements; and opportunities and careers in agriculture. (2H,1C) I.

0514: CONTEMPORARY AGRICULTURAL ISSUES
A survey course designed to acquaint the student with the concerns and critical issues impacting the field of agriculture. Contemporary agricultural issues will be explored. (3H,3C) II.

0524: TURFGRASS AND THEIR USES
Turfgrass species and cultivars are evaluated for their environmental adaptation and use in parks, cemeteries, lawns, athletic fields, roadsides, sod production, and golf courses. The growth and development of grasses is discussed. Morphological characteristics are used to differentiate between turfgrass species. (1H,2L,2C) I.

0534: CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS IN AGRICULTURE
Introduction to agricultural chemistry; principles and concepts of inorganic and organic chemistry as they relate to soils, plants, fertilizers, and pesticides. (3H,3C) I.

0544: HORTICULTURE PRODUCTION
Production of vegetable, fruit, flowering, and nursery crops, including propagation of these crops. Focus is on the culture of these commodities as alternative agricultural crops, including environmental and cultural requirements for high quality production. (2H,2L,3C) II..

0554: CHEMICAL APPLICATION
Proper application of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals used in landscape and turf management and in production agriculture; including application methods, equipment calibration and configuration, occupational health and safety, and pesticide laws and regulations. Pre: 0534. (1H,2L,2C) II.

0564: HERBACEOUS PLANTS
Identification, selection, requirements, and uses of herbaceous plant materials commonly used in the landscape; including annuals, perennials, bulbs, and grasses. (2H,2C) II.

0565,0566: WOODY PLANTS
Identification and uses of woody plant materials common in the landscape industry; including trees, shrubs, ground covers and ivies; proper plant selection and location in the landscape site. 0565: Evergreen Plant Materials; 0566:Deciduous Plant Materials. (1H,2L,2C) 0565: II; 0566: I.

0574: WOODY LANDSCAPE PLANTS
Identification and uses of evergreen and deciduous woody plant materials common in the landscape industry; including trees, shrubs, and ground covers; proper plant selection and location in the landscape site. (1H,3L,2C) I..

0575,0576: LANDSCAPE CONTRACTING
0575:Principles and practices involved in the interpretation and implementation of landscape designs; proper selection and use of landscape construction materials and methods of construction. 0576: Proper installation of plant materials into the landscape; proper planning and execution of the landscape design; maintenance of landscape plant materials and beds; cost accounting and business practices. Must be second year student in Agriculture Technology. (3H,3L,3C) 0575: I;0576: II.

0584: FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTION
The science and art involved in the establishment, production and marketing of temperate zone fruit and vegetables. The course is divided equally into three sections: tree fruits, small fruits, and vegetables. (2H,2L,3C) I.

0594: FORAGES AND GRAIN CROPS
Principles and practices of efficient forage and small grain crop production. Establishment, maintenance, use, and nutritional value of forages will be stressed. (2H,3L,3C) II.

0604: AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY II
Course designed to prepare student for transition from college to industry. Emphasis will be placed on resume writing, interviewing skills, career and leadership development. (1H,1C) II.

0614: BEEF AND SHEEP MANAGEMENT
Beef cattle/sheep production and management. Emphasis on genetics, nutrition, herd health, reproduction, and marketing to optimize performance and profit. Management and flock decisions based on economic and business principles. Practical experience enhanced through laboratory activities. I (2H,3L,3C)

0624: HORSE MANAGEMENT
Horse production and management. Emphasis on genetics, nutrition, herd health, reproduction, and marketing to optimize performance and profit. Management decisions based on economic and business principles. Practical experience enhanced through laboratory activities. X-grade allowed. Pre: 0314, 0324, 0354. (2H,3L,3C) II.

0634: SHEEP MANAGEMENT
Sheep production and management. Emphasis on genetics, nutrition, flock health, reproduction, and marketing to optimize performance and profit. Management decisions based on economic and business principles. Practical experience enhanced through laboratory activities. X-grade allowed. Pre: 0314, 0324, 0354. (2H,3L,3C) I.

0644: SWINE MANAGEMENT
Swine production and management. Emphasis on genetics, nutrition, herd health, reproduction, and marketing to optimize performance and profit. Management decisions based on economic and business principles. Practical experience enhanced through laboratory activities. X-grade allowed. Pre: 0314, 0324, 0354. (2H,3L,3C) II.

0904H: AG TECH HONORS SEM
Exploration of topics in agriculture and related fields that impact and effective and efficient agricultural industry, including professional leadership skills. Special attention will be given to the collaboration and interdependency that the field of agriculture has with other segments of society, including social, political, and economics ares. May be repeated for a maximum of 3 credits and with different topics. (1H,1C) I,II.

0974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

0984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

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