Liberal Arts and Human Sciences

Foreign Languages and Literatures

Overview

The study of foreign languages and literatures opens doors to international understanding and the appreciation of ancient and contemporary foreign civilizations. The department gives interested students of the university an opportunity to enroll in its courses:

• To major or minor in a language;
• To become a more aware and informed citizen of the world;
• To prepare for careers in international organizations, the Foreign Service, government, business or industry, teaching;
• To prepare for a study abroad program;
• To obtain humanities credits on an elective basis;
• To fulfill undergraduate language requirements;
• To satisfy graduate reading requirements;
• Just out of interest.
  

Majors and Minors are offered in French, German, Spanish, and Classical Studies, and a Russian Area Studies major is available, under the Interdisciplinary Studies Program. Minors are also given in Classical Languages, French for Business, Latin, and Russian. The department also offers instruction in Chinese, modern Greek, Hebrew, Italian, and Japanese. In addition to fulfilling the requirements of the core curriculum of the College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences, the foreign language major must complete 30 hours at the 3000-level and above in a single foreign language (with the exception of Classical Studies), according to the following requirements in the individual languages.

A minimum grade of C (2.0) must be earned by foreign language majors and minors in all courses required for the major or minor.

Classical Studies Major

To complete the interdisciplinary major in Classical Studies a student must complete 36 hours: 18 in Classical Studies (Humanities, History, Art & Art History, Mythology, Literature, Culture, Religion, etc.) and 18 hours in Classical Languages (Ancient Greek and/or Latin). For information on required courses and for a checksheet, see the Classical Studies website (http://www.fll.vt.edu/Classics/ClassicsHome.html) or the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures (331 Major Williams Hall, 231-5361).

Classical Studies Minor

To obtain an interdisciplinary minor in Classical Studies a student must complete 18 hours in Classical Studies. For information on required courses and for a checksheet, see the Classical Studies website (http://www.fll.vt.edu/Classics/ClassicsHome.html) or the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures (331 Major Williams Hall, 231-5361).

Classical Languages Minor

To obtain a minor in Classical Languages a student must complete 18 hours in Classical Languages (Ancient Greek and/or Latin). For information on required courses and for a checksheet, see the Classical Studies website (http://www.fll.vt.edu/Classics/ClassicsHome.html) or the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures (331 Major Williams Hall, 231-5361).

Latin American Studies Concentration (LAAS)

The LAAS concentration constitutes an 18-hour minor within the existing IDST program. The LAAS concentration is interdisciplinary, offering courses in history, civilization, culture and literature, economics, political science, urban affairs and planning, geography, and international studies. A combination of six courses from the areas of history, culture, and development form the concentration. The LAAS concentration may be combined with a minor in Spanish and another approved 18-hour concentration to form a major in IDST. Students pursuing this degree will be enrolled as majors in the IDST program. Requirements for the concentration can be obtained from the offices of the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies or the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures.

Concentration Coordinator: A. A. Fernández-Vázquez, Language Majors

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Language Majors/Minors

French Major

To complete a major in French, a student must complete 30 hours at the 3000-level and above, including the following required courses: 3105, 3106, *3126, **3304, four of the following five courses 3205, 3206, 3305, 3306, 3314, six hours of ***4314 and 4154.

*Students may be exempted from French 3126 through demonstrating satisfactory oral proficiency by examination, in which case no credit is granted and three additional hours of advanced elective course work in French may be necessary to complete the required 30 hours. Students not placing into or out of 3126 are strongly advised to take 3125, which is designed to enable students to achieve the level of oral proficiency required for entry into 3126. For most students the hours represented by 3125 will be in addition to the minimum of 30 required for the major.

** Although 3304 is a prerequisite for 3305, 3306 and 3314, it may be waived in some instances. Contact section coordinator for details.

***French 4314 is a variable content three-credit course which may be repeated for credit. When appropriate, depending on the topic, students may petition the department for consent to use French 4324 to satisfy three hours of the six hour 4000-level French literature requirement.

Except with consent in special cases, the 30 hours must be in French courses exclusive of 2964: Field Study; 2984: Special Study; 4964: Field Study; 4974: Independent Study; 4984: Special Study; 4994: Undergraduate Research.

French Minor

To obtain a minor in French, a student must complete 18 hours in French at the 2000-level and above, 12 of which must be taken at the advanced level, including 3105, 3106. Student must take at least one 3000-level French culture and civilization course and one 3000-level French literature course. French 3314 can count either as a culture and civilization course or as a literature course. In some instances, French 3164 may count toward the minor. See French section coordinator.

French for Business Minor

The French for Business minor requires 18 hours in French at the 2000-level and above. The minor must include the following courses: 2164, 3105, 3106, 3164 and one of the following: 2714, 3205 or 3206.

Advanced French for Business Minor

The Advanced French for Business minor requires 18 hours at the 3-4000 level. It must include the following courses: 3105, 3105, 3164, 3304, 4164 and either 3205 or 3206.

French for Business Concentration

To obtain the French for Business concentration, a student must complete 18 hours on the 1-2000 level in French including the following courses: 2164 and 2714.

German Major

To complete a major in German, a student must complete 30 hours at the 3000-level and above, including the following required courses: 3105, 3106, *3126, 3204, 3305, 3306, 4154, and six hours of **4000-level literature.

* Students may be exempted from German 3126 through demonstrating satisfactory oral proficiency by examination, in which case no credit is granted and three additional hours of advanced elective course work in German will be necessary to complete the required 30 hours. Students not placing into or out of 3126 are strongly advised to take 3125, which is designed to enable students to achieve A8e level of oral proficiency required for entry into 3126. For most students the hours represented by 3125 will be in addition to the minimum of 30 required for the major.
** GER 4xxx includes 4304 and any of the variable-content 4000-level German literature courses which may be repeated for credit. When appropriate, depending on the topic, students may petition the department for consent to use German 4334 to satisfy three hours of the six hour 4000-level German literature requirement.
Except with consent in special cases, the 30 hours must be in German courses exclusive of 2724: Introduction to German Culture and Civilization; 2964: Field Study; 2984: Special Study; 4964: Field Study; 4974: Independent Study; 4984: Special Study; and 4994: Undergraduate Research.

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German Minor

To obtain a minor in German, a student must complete 18 hours in German at the 2000-level and above, 12 of which must be taken at the advanced level, including 3105, 3106, 3204, and 3305 or 3306, exclusive of 2724.

Latin Minor

To obtain a minor in Latin, a student must complete 18 hours of course work in Latin, including 6 hours at the 3000 level or above.

Russian Area Studies Degree Option

Although the department does not offer a Russian major, students can utilize the existing resources of the university to pursue an interdisciplinary IDST (B.A.) degree program in Russian Area Studies. The program provides interested students with sufficient background in Russian language, culture, and area studies to pursue careers in diplomacy, international business, journalism, government service or to continue their Russian studies in graduate school. The program aims at developing competence in a single discipline and in the Russian language while providing a broad background in Russian area studies. The program complements but does not duplicate the existing major in International Studies.

An 18-hour minor in Russian Studies is offered as part of the IDST Program. This concentration includes courses drawn from Humanities, Foreign Languages, English, Political Science, and History. Requirements for the concentration can be obtained from the CIS or Foreign Languages and Literatures office.

Concentration Coordinator: Amy Nelson (History).

Russian Minor

To obtain a minor in Russian, a student must complete 18 hours in Russian at the 2000-level and above, 12 of which must be taken at the advanced level, including 3105, 3106, and any additional 6 hours of Russian language courses at the 3000-level or above.

Spanish Major

To complete a major in Spanish, a student must complete 30 hours at the 3000-level and above, including the following required courses: 3105, 3106, *3126, 3414 (prior 3204), 3444 (prior 3214), 3304, 3404 (prior 3314), 3454 (prior 3324), and six hours of **4000-level literature.

* Students may be exempted from Spanish 3126 through demonstrating satisfactory oral proficiency by examination, in which case no credit is granted and three additional hours of advanced elective course work in Spanish will be necessary to complete the required 30 hours. Students not placing into or out of 3126 are strongly advised to take 3125, which is designed to enable students to achieve the level of oral proficiency required for entry into 3126. For most students the hours represented by 3125 will be in addition to the minimum of 30 required for the major.

** At the 4000 level, students are required to do a minimum of three hours of Spanish literature course work.

Except with consent in special cases, the 30 hours must be in Spanish courses exclusive of 2964: Field Study; 2984: Special Study; 4964: Field Study; 4974: Independent Study; 4984: Special Study; 4994: Undergraduate Research.

Spanish Minor

To obtain a minor in Spanish, a student must complete 18 hours at the 2000-level and above, 12 of which must be taken at the advanced level, including 3105, 3106, 3304, and one of the following: 3404, 3414, 3444, 3454 .

Concentrations

Latin American Studies Concentration (LAAS)
The LAAS concentration constitutes an 18-hour concentration within the existing IDST program. The LAAS concentration is interdisciplinary, offering courses in history, civilization, culture and literature, economics, political science, urban affairs and planning, geography, and international studies. A combination of six courses from the areas of history, culture, and development form the concentration. The LAAS concentration may be combined with a minor in Spanish and another approved 18-hour concentration to form a major in IDST. Students pursuing this degree will be enrolled as majors in the IDST program. Requirements for the concentration can be obtained from the offices of the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies or the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures.
Concentration Coordinator: A. A. Fernández-Vázquez

Restrictions

1000 and 2000 level courses do not count for Majors or Minors in French, German, Russian, or Spanish.

1000 and 2000 level courses do count toward Majors and Minors in Classical Studies, Latin, and Classical Languages.


Other courses that do not count toward the major or minor: Classics 2444, Classics 2454, French 2714, French 2964, French 2984, French 3195-3196, French 3404, French 4964, French 4974, French 4984, French 4994, German 2724, German 2964, German 2984, German 3195-3196, German 3414, German 4964, German 4974, German 4984, German 4994, Latin 2964, Latin 4964, Latin 4974, Latin 4994, Russian 2734, Russian 2964, Russian 2984, Russian 3424, Russian 4964, Russian 4974, Russian 4984, Russian 4994, Spanish 2744, Spanish 2754, Spanish 2964, Spanish 2984, Spanish 3434, Spanish 4964, Spanish 4974, Spanish 4984, Spanish 4994.

Questions about courses numbered 4964, 4974, 4984, and 4994 should be addressed to the Coordinator of the specific language section or the department chair No more than six hours of 4964 (Field Study) may be taken.

Courses designated 3195-3196 do not satisfy the foreign language requirement for the university or the College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences.

Courses designated Fr. 3954, Ger. 3954, and Span 3954 (Study Abroad) may carry major credit only if the student is eligible to pursue courses above the second-year level; otherwise credits will be assigned at the first and second-year level as appropriate in each individual case.

In addition to its formal courses, the department offers informal extracurricular activities, such as conversation groups, language tables, and language clubs, all of which are open to the university community.

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Independent Study

The minimum grade point averages required for independent study in the Department of Foreign Languages are 3.3 in 3000- and 4000-level courses in the language of the independent study; and at least 2.5 overall and no lower than 3.0 in all course work done after the freshman year. Students wishing to enroll in courses designated 4974 (Independent Study) must receive permission from the instructor and the department chair in the term prior to enrollment. No more than eight hours of independent study and/or undergraduate research combined may be counted toward a degree.

Teaching Certification

Those majors who are preparing to teach a foreign language in the public schools should consult the College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences and plan a course of study leading to the Collegiate Professional Certificate upon graduation.

Study Abroad

The department encourages students to work and/or study abroad. Information relating to work and/or study abroad programs is available from the department office (331 Major Williams) and from the Study Abroad Office.

The department offers programs of study in the summer in Paris; Madrid; Moscow; Greece; Switzerland and semester- or year-long exchange programs in Caen (France), Quito (Ecuador), and Xalapa (Mexico).

Satisfactory Progress

University policy requires that students who are making satisfactory progress toward a degree meet minimum criteria toward the Curriculum for Liberal Education (see "Academics" in this catalog), toward the College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences core (see first part of this chapter), and toward the degrees in French, German, and Spanish.

B.A. in French

Satisfactory progress toward the B.A. in French requires that for continued enrollment in the major,

1. Upon having attempted 72 semester credits (including transfer, advanced placement, advanced standing, credit by examination, course withdrawal), students must have completed:

FR 3105: Grammar, Comp., and Conversation	3
FR 3304: Introduction to French Literature	3
Credits	(6)

1. By the end of the junior year, students must have an in-major grade point average of 2.0 or above and have completed:

FR 3105, 3106: Grammar, Comp., and Conversation	6
FR 3205: French Culture and Civilization or Fr 3206: French Culture and Civilization	3
FR 3304: Introduction to French Literature	3
FR 3305, 3306: Survey of French Literature	6
Credits	(18)

B.A. in German

Satisfactory progress toward the B.A. in German requires that for continued enrollment in the major,

1. Upon having attempted 72 semester credits (including transfer, advanced placement, advanced standing, credit by examination, course withdrawal), students must have completed:

GER 3105: Grammar, Comp., and Conversation	3
GER 3204: Culture of German-Speaking Countries (If not offered in senior year)	3
GER 4154: Advanced Composition and Stylistics (If not offered in senior year)	3
Total Credits	(9)

2. By the end of the junior year, students must have an in-major grade point average of 2.0 or above and must have completed:

GER 3105, 3106: Grammar, Comp., and Conversation	6
GER 3204: Culture of German-Speaking Countries (If not offered in senior year)	3
GER 3305, 3306: Survey of German Literature	6
GER 4154: Advanced Composition and Stylistics (If not offered in senior year)	3
Credits	(18)

B.A. in Spanish

Satisfactory progress toward the B.A. in Spanish requires that for continued enrollment in the major,

1. Upon having attempted 72 semester credits (including transfer, advanced placement, advanced standing, credit by examination, course withdrawal), students must have completed:

SPAN 3105, 3106: Grammar, Comp., and Conversation	6
One of the following: SPAN 3404, 3414, 3444, 3454	3
SPAN 3304: Introduction to Hispanic Literature	3
Credits	(12)

2. By the end of the junior year, students must have an in-major grade point average of 2.0 or above and must have completed:

SPAN 3105, 3106: Grammar, Comp., and Conversation	6
One of the following: SPAN 3404, 3414, 3444, 3454	3
SPAN 3304: Introduction to Hispanic Literature	3
SPAN 3314: Survey of Peninsular Literature	3
Credits	(15)

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Undergraduate Courses (FL)

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Chinese Undergraduate Courses (CHN)

1105-1106: ELEMENTARY CHINESE
Fundamentals of the Chinese language with emphasis on developing proficiency in practical language use and cultural competency. 1105 is for students with no prior knowledge of the language; 1106 is for students who have completed 1105, or more than one year, but less than three years of high school Chinese. (3H,3C).

2105-2106: INTERMEDIATE CHINESE
Emphasizes comprehension of written and spoken Mandarin Chinese, communication in Chinese; study of some literature and culture of the Chinese people. 2105 is for students who have completed 1105 and 1106 or equivalent. 2106 is for students who have completed 2105 or equivalent. X-grade allowed. Pre: 1106. (3H,3C).

2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

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Classics Undergraduate Courses (CLA)

2444 (ENGL 2444) (HUM 2444): ANCIENT GREEK AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY
Survey of Ancient Greek and Roman mythology and modern interpretations. In English. No knowledge of Ancient Greek or Latin required. Not for credit toward a Latin Minor. (3H,3C).

2454 (ENGL 2454) (HUM 2454): ANCIENT GREEK AND LATIN LITERATURE IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION
A variable content course devoted to the study of major works of Ancient Greek and Latin literature in English translation. May be repeated for credit with different content. In English. No knowledge of Ancient Greek or Latin required. Not for credit toward a Latin Minor. (3H,3C).

2964: FIELD STUDY
Variable credit course.

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

3954: STUDY ABROAD
Variable credit course.

4964: FIELD STUDY
Variable credit course.

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

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French Undergraduate Courses (FR)

1105-1106: ELEMENTARY FRENCH
Fundamentals of the French language with emphasis on grammar, reading, composition, and conversation. 1105 for students with no prior knowledge of the language; 1106 for students who have completed 1105 or less than three years in high school. I,II,III,IV. X-grade allowed. (3H,3C).

2105-2106: INTERMEDIATE FRENCH
Emphasizes comprehension of written and spoken French, communication in French, literature, and culture of French-speaking world. I,II. X-grade allowed. Pre: 1106 for 2105; 2105 for 2106. (3H,3C).

2164: INTERMEDIATE BUSINESS FRENCH
This course emphasizes all four language skills (reading, writing, speaking, and listening) by focusing on various facets of the world of business and technology. It also develops students' understanding of French institutions and business practices. II. Pre: 2105. (3H,3C).

2714 (HUM 2714): INTRODUCTION TO FRENCH CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
French culture and civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Interdisciplinary approach to literature, film, art, architecture, and theatre in the context of French cultural history. In English. (3H,3C).

2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

3105,3106: GRAMMAR, COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION
Progressive and comprehensive review of French syntax and morphology. Practice in written and oral expression in French on a variety of topics in French culture. Conducted in French. May be taken out of sequence. I,II. X-grade allowed. Pre: 2106. (3H,3C).

3125-3126: FRENCH FOR ORAL PROFICIENCY
For acquisition of measured levels of proficiency in speaking and understanding spoken French. Content-based instruction in small groups. 3125: to achieve an oral proficiency rating comparable to "Intermediate-high" on the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages Oral Proficiency Interview (ACTFL-OPI) or "S -1+" on the Foreign Service Institute (FSI) scale. 3126: to achieve an oral proficiency rating comparable to "Advanced" on the ACTFL-OPI or a "2" on the FSI scale. Admission by oral exam. I,II. Pass/Fail only. X-grade allowed. Pre: 3105, 3106. (3H,3C).

3164: ADVANCED BUSINESS FRENCH
In this skills-based course, students learn to use appropriate French technical vocabulary for different business contexts, do translation, write professional correspondence, and read articles related to the worlds of business, economics, and finance. Cross-cultural differences regarding the work place are also a focus of the course. I. Pre: 3105, 3106. (3H,3C).

3195-3196: FRENCH FOR READING KNOWLEDGE
3195: Fundamentals of grammar with emphasis on idiomatic patterns and translation technique; 3196: Continues presentation of grammar with increasing emphasis on directed translation of material chosen from the student's major field of interest. Primarily for graduate students. Partially duplicates 1105-1106. Does not satisfy the Arts and Sciences core curriculum foreign language requirement. I,II,III,IV. (2H,2C).

3205,3206: FRENCH CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
3205: Patterns of French life and culture in the context of social, intellectual, and institutional changes from the Middle Ages to the French Revolution. 3206: From the French Revolution to the present with an introduction to other francophone parts of the world. I,II. Pre: (3105, 3106). (3H,3C).

3304: INTRODUCTION TO FRENCH LITERATURE
Introduction to French literature through analysis and discussion of selected texts from different periods and genres. Methods, terminology, and practice of literary analysis. Intensive writing component. II. X-grade allowed. Pre: 2106. (3H,3C).

3305,3306: SURVEY OF FRENCH LITERATURE
Readings in French literature from the Middle Ages to the present to acquaint students with literary techniques and contexts. Pre: 3304, 3105, 3106. (3H,3C).

3314: INTRODUCTION TO FRANCOPHONE STUDIES
Introduction to the literatures and cultures of French-speaking countries outside of France including North Africa, the Caribbean, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Quebec. Examination of thematic and cultural aspects of literatures of these regions within their socio-historical contexts; explorations of such notions as postcolonialism, identity, race, and nation as they relate to the legacy of colonial France. Pre: 3105, 3106, 3304. (3H,3C).

3404 (ENGL 3404): FRENCH LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Variable content course devoted to the study of major writers or periods of French literature. May be repeated with different content. May not be taken for credit toward One 2000 level English literature course required. (3H,3C).

3954: STUDY ABROAD
Variable credit course. X-grade allowed.

4154: ADVANCED COMPOSITION AND STYLISTICS
Intensive work in written French. Development of the student's ability to write clear, correct, and articulate French in a variety of modes (e.g., epistolary style, the formal and informal essay). Writing intensive. Pre: 3106. (3H,3C).

4164: SPECIAL TOPICS IN BUSINESS FRENCH
A variable content course devoted to developing and perfecting highly advanced language skills through the study of special topics in the French and francophone business worlds. Emphasis on a mastery of specialized French for professional settings. May be repeated for credit with different content. Taught even years. II. Pre: 3106, 3164. (3H,3C).

4314: STUDIES IN FRENCH LITERATURE
In-depth study of a selected topic in French literature, such as an author, a group of authors, a literary movement or genre during a specific period of French literary history (i.e., Voltaire, the Pleiade, Romanticism, the nouveau roman). May be repeated for credit with different content. I,II. Pre: 3105, 3106, 3305, 3306. (3H,3C).

4324: SPECIAL TOPICS IN FRENCH LIFE, LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE
In-depth study of a selected topic in French culture or language as manifested in creative and historical literature, music, art, film, etc., such as phonetics, translation techniques, or the staging of dramatic works in French. May be repeated for credit with different content. Pre: (3105, 3106) or (3205, 3206). (3H,3C). I,II.

4794: SENIOR TUTORIAL IN FRENCH STUDIES
(1H,1C). Individual or small group sessions which give the student.

4964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course. X-grade allowed.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

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German Undergraduate Courses (GER)

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Greek Undergraduate Courses (GR)

Hebrew Undergraduate Courses (HEB)

1104 (JUD 1104): INTRODUCTION TO HEBREW LANGUAGE, CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE
Fundamentals of Modern Hebrew language with emphasis on grammar, reading, composition, and conversation. For students with no prior knowledge of the language. (3H,3C).

1114 (JUD 1114): ACCELERATED ELEMENTARY HEBREW LANGUAGE
Complementary introduction to the fundamentals of Modern Hebrew language with continued emphasis on grammar, reading, composition, and conversation. This course is for students who have completed 1104 or with permission of the instructor. 1114 is a four-credit course with a self-instruction component that demands student time outside of the class. (3H,2L,4C).

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Italian Undergraduate Courses (ITAL)

Japanese Undergraduate Courses (JPN)

Latin Undergraduate Courses (LAT)

1105-1106: ELEMENTARY LATIN
Introduction to Latin, for development of reading ability. 1105: Accidence, syntax, and vocabulary, with translation of discrete sentences and short readings of graded difficulty. 1106: Accidence, syntax, and vocabulary continued, with the introduction of selected passages from ancient Roman authors for reading, comprehension, and translation. I,II. (3H,3C).

2104: CICERO AND LIVY
A course in two major Latin prose authors. Review and refinement of grammar is combined with an increasing attention to historical, cultural, linguistic, and literary questions. May be repeated with different content for a maximum of 9 credits. Pre: 1106. (3H,3C).

2114: LATIN EPIC: VERGIL AND OVID
A course in two important Latin poets of the Age of Augustus with a view to increasing the students ability to understand and read Latin. Review and refinement of grammar is combined with an increasing attention to historical, linguistic, cultural, and literary questions. May be repeated with different content for a maximum of 9 credits. Pre: 1106. (3H,3C).

2124: LATIN LYRIC: CATULLUS AND HORACE
Two important Latin poets of the Late Republic. Review and refinement of grammar is combined with an increasing attention to historical, linguistic, cultural, and literary questions. May be repeated with different content for a maximum of 9 credits. Pre: 1105, 1106. (3H,3C).

2134: LATE MEDIEVAL LATIN
Post-classical Latin, from Augustine and Boethius through the Middle Ages. Review and refinement of grammar is combined with an increasing attention to historical, cultural, linguistic, and literary questions. May be repeated with different content for a maximum of 9 credits. Pre: 1105, 1106. (3H,3C).

2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

3004: READINGS IN LATIN LITERATURE
A variable content course devoted to the study of major Latin texts not offered in the 2000-level courses. Emphasis is on content, style, and context. May be repeated for credit with different content. Two 2000-level courses in Latin or equivalent proficiency required. Writing Intensive. (3H,3C).

4004: DIRECTED STUDIES IN LATIN PROSE COMPOSITION
Application of Latin grammar structure to the translation of English into Latin. Original compositions are written in Latin. (Will be offered during the academic year whenever there is sufficient enrollment and available staffing). One 3000-level course in Latin required. (3H,3C).

4964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

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Portuguese Undergraduate Course (PORT)

Russian Undergraduate Courses (RUS)

1105-1106: ELEMENTARY RUSSIAN
Fundamentals of grammar, pronunciation, conversation. 1105: Grammar and conversation; 1106: Grammar, conversation, and several selected readings from Russian literature. I,II. (4H,4C).

2105-2106: INTERMEDIATE RUSSIAN
Grammar, reading, conversation, and composition. Emphasizes comprehension of written and spoken Russian. I,II. Pre: 1106. (3H,3C).

2734 (HUM 2734): INTRODUCTION TO RUSSIAN CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
Russian culture and civilization from the Middle Ages to the present. Interdisciplinary approach to Russian literature, art, architecture, music, film, and theatre in the context of Russian cultural history. In English. (3H,3C).

2964: FIELD STUDY
Pass/Fail only. Variable credit course.

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

3105,3106: GRAMMAR, COMPOSITION AND CONVERSATION
Detailed study of grammar. Practice in written and oral expression in Russian on a variety of topics. Supplementary readings to emphasize application of grammatical principles. 3105 includes a rapid grammatical review. Pre: 2106. (3H,3C). I,II.

3124: RUSSIAN FOR ORAL PROFICIENCY
Devoted to the acquisition of measured levels of proficiency in speaking and understanding spoken Russian. Content-based instruction in small groups. For students who would like to achieve an oral proficiency rating comparable to "Intermediate-high" on the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages Oral Proficiency Interview (ACTFL-OPI) or "S-1+" on the Foreign Service Institute (FSI) scale. Admission by oral exam required. Taught alternate years. Pass/Fail only. (3H,3C).

3424 (ENGL 3424): RUSSIAN LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Variable-content course devoted to the study of Russian literary classics. Readings and lectures in English. Topics will range from general surveys of 19th century or 20th century Russian literature to more intensive study of the works of a single major author like Tolstoy or Dostoevsky. May be repeated with different content. No knowledge of Russian required. In English. One 2000-level English literature course required. (3H,3C).

3954: STUDY ABROAD
Variable credit course. X-grade allowed.

4204: TOPICS IN RUSSIAN CULTURE AND CIVILIZATION
Specific topics in Russian culture and civilization. Variable content. May be repeated for credit with different content. Pre: 3105. (3H,3C).

4304: STUDIES IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE
Selected masterpieces of Russian literature, read in original. Lectures and discussions in Russian. May be repeated for credit with different content. Pre: 3105. (3H,3C).

4964: FIELD STUDY
Variable credit course.

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

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Spanish Undergraduate Courses (SPAN)

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