College of Engineering

Materials Science and Engineering

Overview

Materials engineers and scientists study the structure and properties of engineering materials on scales ranging from the atomic through the microscopic to the macroscopic. These materials include ceramics, metals, polymers, composites, biomaterials, nanomaterials, semiconductors, and electronic, magnetic, and photonic materials. Materials engineers develop new materials, improve traditional materials, and manufacture materials economically through synthesis, processing, and fabrication. They seek to understand physical and chemical phenomena in material structures and to measure and characterize materials properties of all kinds including mechanical, electrical, optical, magnetic, thermal, and chemical. They predict and evaluate the performance of materials as structural or functional elements in engineering systems and structures. Because the performance of virtually all engineered products depends upon the properties of the various materials which make up the components of the system, engineering and technological advances are commonly limited by the properties and cost of the manufactured materials which are currently available. As a consequence, the discipline of materials science and engineering is central and critical to the success of several identified strategic national quality-of-life initiatives, including biotechnology, nanotechology, energy, information technology, vehicular transportation systems, national defense and security, and environmental stewardship.

Significant opportunities exist for graduates in the aerospace, automobile, transportation, medical, microelectronics, telecommunications, chemical, petroleum, energy storage, power generation, and energy conservation industries, as well as within the basic industries producing materials--for example, the copper, aluminum, steel, ceramics, glass, and polymer industries. Opportunities also exist in government-operated engineering centers and research laboratories. Graduates work in entry level engineering, manufacturing, materials selection and design, quality assurance and control, research and development, technical consulting, management, and sales and marketing. Graduates have an excellent background for post-graduate studies in science, engineering, medicine, law, and business.

Students of MSE can optionally participate in the cooperative education program in which qualified students may alternate semesters of study with semesters of professional employment. Study-abroad opportunities are also possible. Honors-eligible students may participate in a formalized program of study leading to one of several university honors degrees (see http://www.univhonors.vt.edu).

Educational Objectives and Learning Outcomes

Educational Objectives:

The goal of the Bachelor of Science in Materials Science and Engineering degree program is to provide the educational foundation that enables alumni to pursue their personal career objectives. Historically, the majority of our alumni become valued members of industrial and/or research teams within the field of materials science or related technical disciplines while a smaller percentage pursue graduate education or other personal career objectives such as patent law and medicine.

The specific objectives for the B.S. degree program in MSE are to produce alumni who are

• effective learners able to apply new technical tools, techniques, and knowledge specific to their field of employment or graduate studies,
  
• able to apply critical thinking skills to engineering and research problems, and
  
• effective communicators with written, oral, and visual media.
Learning Outcomes

Upon graduation, students completing the B.S. in MSE degree program will be able to:


• apply advanced science (such as chemistry and physics) and engineering principles to materials systems
  
• understand and apply the scientific and engineering principles underlying the four major elements of the field: structure, properties, processing, and performance
  
• apply and integrate knowledge from each of the above four elements of the field to solve materials selection and design problems, and;
  
• utilize experimental, statistical, and computational methods consistent with the program educational objectives.
  
In addition, students will also have demonstrated the following general outcomes:

• an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering
  
• an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data
  
• an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability
  
• an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams
  
• an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems
  
• an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility
  
• an ability to communicate effectively
  
• the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context
  
• a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning
  
• a knowledge of contemporary issues
  
• an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice.
  

Curriculum

Students typically enter the MSE Department following completion of their first year studies within the College of Engineering, as administered by the Department of Engineering Education (EngE); a description of required first year coursework can be found within the EngE section of this catalog.

The undergraduate curriculum contains a nationally-recognized integrated program of instruction in engineering communication including writing, public speaking, proposal preparation, reporting, research skills, critical and creative thinking, and graphical presentation. More information regarding this unique program can be found at http://www.vtecc.eng.vt.edu/ecp/ .

In addition to foundation courses in MSE, students tailor an invidualized program of elective study. Fifteen credits of technical electives will be selected to emphasize certain subdisciplines of MSE (e.g., metals, ceramics, polymers, electronic materials, composites, biomaterials, nanomaterials, etc.) or to prepare for a career in certain application areas (e.g., manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, information technology, microelectronics, etc.). Course work totals 131 credit hours as detailed on the BS in MSE checksheet which can be found at http://www.registrar.vt.edu/registration/degree_checksheet.php. Students expecting to graduate beyond the displayed checksheet years should use the last projected term. Check back every year for revisions.

The MSE students have pursued various minors including Microelectronics, Green Engineering, Chemistry, Mathematics or a foreign language.

The B.S. in MSE degree program at Virginia Tech is accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET, Inc., 111 Market Place, Suite 1050, Baltimore, MD 21202-4012 - telephone (410) 347-7700.

Undergraduate Courses (MSE)

1004: MATERIALS IN TODAY'S WORLD
An introductory course designed for the student with a basic high school science background who wishes to understand and learn about the exciting materials developments which are affecting us all in today's world. The course will introduce the structures and properties of metals, ceramics, polymers (plastics), composites, and materials for electronic and optical applications. Students will also gain an appreciation for the processing and design limitations of materials used in everyday applications. (1H,1C)

2014: MATERIALS ENGINEERING TRANSITION
Supplemental coverage of introductory topics not included in courses delivered to non-MSE majors. Pre: 2034 or 3094 or AOE 3094. (1H,1C)

2034: ELEMENTS OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
This course is designed to introduce the non-MSE student to the structures and properties of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. In addition, students will gain an understanding of the processing and design limitations of these materials, as well as being introduced to new classes of materials being developed to meet the ever expanding range of material requirements. Non-MSE majors only. Pre: CHEM 1035. Co: PHYS 2305. (3H,3C)

2044: FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
This course is designed to introduce the MSE major to the structures and properties of metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and electronic materials. Students will also gain an understanding of the processing and design limitations of materials. Topics fundamental to the further study of materials, such as crystal structures, phase diagrams, and materials design and processing will be emphasized as foundations for future MSE courses. Pre: CHEM 1035. Co: PHYS 2305. (4H,4C)

2054: FUNDAMENTALS OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
Introduces MSE majors to fundamental underlying concepts governing phase equilibrium, microstructure, electronic properties of materials, and transport phenomena as a foundation to understanding materials behavior and processing. Pre: 2044, CHEM 1035, PHYS 2305. (3H,3C)

2884: MATERIALS ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT I
Library engineering research skills, technical computer graphics, basic engineering workplace communication skills, basic engineering teamwork skills, introduction to engineering ethics, resumes and letters of introduction, gender issues in the workplace, professional poster presentations, and engineering public speaking. Pre: MSE major, sophomore status. (3L,1C)

2974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2974H: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

2984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

2994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

2994H: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

3004H: MATERIALS IN TOMORROW'S WORLD
The role of materials and materials development in society and technological progress. The role of research in the solutions to pressing global, materials-related scientific and engineering challenges. New and envisioned materials forms developed in response to present and future applications needs, and the ethical, environmental and energy implications thereof. Pre-requisite: Honors students enrolled in the sciences or engineering. Pre: CHEM 1035, PHYS 2305. (3H,3C)

3044: TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN MSE
Mass transport (continuum and atomistic diffusion), heat transport and fluid flow (momentum transport). Analytical and computer based methods for solving transport problems. Pre: 2034 or 2044, MATH 2214. (3H,3C)

3054 (ESM 3054): MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS
Mechanical properties and behavior of engineering materials subjected to static, dynamic, creep, and fatigue loads under environments and stress states typical of service conditions; biaxial theories of failure; behavior of cracked bodies; microstructure-property relationships and design methodologies for homogeneous and composite materials. Pre: ESM 2204. (2H,2C)

3064 (ESM 3064): MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS LABORATORY
Laboratory experiments on mechanical properties and behavior of homogenous and composite engineering materials subjected to static, dynamic, creep, and fatigue loads; behavior of cracked bodies; microstructure-property relationships, and determination of materials properties for use in engineering design. Co: 3054. (3L,1C)

3094 (AOE 3094): MATERIALS & MANUFACTURING FOR AERO & OCEAN ENGINEERS
This course introduces the student of Aerospace and/or Ocean Engineering to the fundamental properties of materials typically required for structural design. The performance characteristics of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites are presented and contrasted. Foundation principles underlying materials manufacturing are also presented with the goal of providing an understanding of
how processing affects material properties and performance. Must have a C- or better in pre-requisite CHEM 1035. Pre: CHEM 1035. Co: ESM 2204, PHYS 2305. (3H,3C)

3104 (GEOS 3504): MINERALOGY
Principles of modern mineralogy, crystal chemistry, and crystallography, with emphasis on mineral atomic structure and physical property relationships, mineralogy in the context of geology, geochemistry, environmental science and geophysics, phase equilibria, mineral associations, and mineral identification, and industrial applications of minerals. There are three required field trips during the semester. Pre: MATH 1016, CHEM 1036. (2H,3L,3C)

3124 (GEOS 3524): OPTICAL MINERALOGY
Principles of color and the behavior of light in crystalline materials; use of the petrographic microscope in the identification of minerals using optical techniques. Pre: GEOS 1004. Co: GEOS 3504. (3L,1C)

3134: INTRODUCTION TO SYMMETRY AND X-RAY POWDER DIFFRACTION
Introduction to x-ray diffraction; fundamentals, experimental methods, and applications. Pre: (2034 or 2044). (3H,3C)

3204: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
Introduction to the electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of solid-state materials. Development of atomic scale models for physical phenomena that are observable at the macroscopic scale. Connection is made between basic materials properties and the operational characteristics of selected solid-state devices. Pre: (PHYS 2306, ECE 3054) or ECE 2204. (3H,3C)

3304: PHYSICAL METALLURGY
Deformation of crystalline solids and its relationship to crystal structure and crystal defects: crystal structures of metals, dislocations and plastic deformation, vacancies, recovery, recrystallization, grain growth, deformation twinning and martensite. Pre: 2034 or 2044. (3H,3C)

3314: MATERIALS LABORATORY I
Sample preparation for materials characterization techniques including various types of microscopy, spectroscopy, diffraction, and hardness testing. Instruction in the use of heat treating equipment and polishing and chemical etching procedures. Pre: 2044. Co: 3304. (3L,1C)

3424: CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY AND PHASE EQUILIBRIA
Basic crystal chemical principles in multicomponent
inorganic materials. Interpretation of one, two, and three component phase diagrams. Interrelationships between crystal chemistry, phase equilibria, microstructure, and properties of materials. Pre: 2034 or 2044. (3H,3C)

3884: MATERIALS ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT II
Public speaking and workplace communications for materials engineers, business writing for the engineering workplace, teamwork skills, engineering ethics, collaborative writing, engineering management skills, and gender issues in the workplace. Extends the basic treatment of these topics given in MSE 2884. Pre: MSE major, junior status. Pre: 2884. (3L,1C)

4034: THERMODYNAMICS OF MATERIALS SYSTEMS
Topics in thermodynamics on the solution of materials selection and design related problems such as materials stability at high temperatures and in corrosive chemical environments. Thermodynamic principles important in controlling equilibrium in single component systems and multicomponent solid solutions and in establishing the thermodynamic driving force in kinetic processes which are important in materials processing unit operations. Estimation of thermodynamic properties and equilibrium calculations in multicomponent and multiphase systems. Pre: CHEM 1036. (3H,3C)

4044: POWDER PROCESSING
Processing methods associated with powder synthesis, characterization, colloidal processing, and forming of powder compacts. Theory of solid state and liquid phase sintering. Pre: 3044. (3H,3C)

4055-4056: MATERIALS SELECTION AND DESIGN I AND II
4055: Selection of materials for engineering systems, based on constitutive analyses of functional requirements and material properties. 4056: The role and implications of processing on material selection. Pre: (2034 or 2044 or 3094 or AOE 3094), (ESM 2204) for 4055; 3044 for 4056. (3H,3C)

4064 (ME 4704): TRIBOLOGY
Basic principles of tribology--the study of friction, wear, and lubrication--including the importance of materials, surfaces, design, operating conditions, environment, and lubrication on friction, wear, and surface damage in any system. Application of tribological theories, concepts, techniques, and approaches to design, research, development, evaluation, and problem-solving. Pre: 2034 or 2044, 3034 or ME 3404. (3H,3C)

4075-4076: SENIOR DESIGN LABORATORY
A capstone design course centered around an open-ended, faculty-advised senior project involving the design of a process, material, or a technique for solving a technological problem. Senior standing in MSE required. Pre: 3314 for 4075; 4075 for 4076. Co: 4085 for 4075; 4086 for 4076. 4075: (3L,1C) 4076: (6L,2C)

4085-4086: SENIOR DESIGN RECITATION
Capstone course run in parallel with faculty-advised Senior Project Laboratory (MSE 4075-4076). Topics in engineering professional practice, project planning, and reporting. Preparation of proposals, interim reports, final project reports, and discussion of the environmental, social, and economic impacts of engineering. Instruction in design theory, ethics, continuous learning, and global issues. Senior Standing in MSE. Pre: 3884 for 4085; 4085 for 4086. Co: 4095, 4075 for 4085; 4096, 4076 for 4086. 4085: (2H,2C) 4086: (1H,1C)

4095-4096: HONORS SENIOR DESIGN LABORATORY
A capstone design course centered around an open-ended, faculty-advised senior honors project involving the design of a process, material, or a technique for solving a technological problem. Outcomes and work effort are consistent with that expected of honors students. Individual preparation and presentation of an original senior honors thesis. Enrollment in University Honors, and senior standing in MSE required. Pre: 3314 for 4095; 4095, 3324 for 4096. Co: 4085 for 4095; 4086 for 4096. (6L,2C)

4124: EXTRACTIVE PROCESSES
Principles of various industrial processes of upgrading minerals from ores, extracting metals from ores and mineral concentrates by pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and electrochemical methods; an refining metals and producing alloys by various methods. Pre: 4034 or MINE 3554. (3H,3C)

4154 (ESM 4154): NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF MATERIALS
Concepts and methods of nondestructive evaluation of materials. Discussion of techniques and mathematical bases for methods involving mechanical, optical, thermal, and electromagnetic phenomena; design for inspectability; technique selection criteria; information processing and handling; materials response measurement and modeling; signal analysis Pre: 3054, PHYS 2176 or PHYS 2306. (3H,3C)

4164 (MINE 4164): PRINCIPLES OF MATERIALS CORROSION
Introduction to the scientific principles of materials corrosion and corrosion protection. Topics include: thermodynamics of materials corrosion, including potential-PH (Pourbaix) diagrams, kinetics of corrosion reactions and mixed potential theory, types of corrosion (uniform, galvanic, crevice, pitting, fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, intergranular, and hydrogen embrittlement), material/environmental factors that promote or prevent the various types of corrosion, and methods and techniques of corrosion testing. Co: MSE 4034 or ME 3114 or ME 3124 or ME 3134. I (3H,3C)

4234 (ECE 4234): SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
Manufacturing practices used in silicon integrated circuit fabrication and the underlying scientific basis for these process technologies. Physical models are developed to explain basic fabrication steps, such as substrate growth, thermal oxidation, dopant diffusion, ion implantation, thin film deposition, etching, and lithography. The overall CMOS integrated circuit process flow is described within the context of these physical models. Pre: ECE 2204 or ECE 3054. (3H,3C) I.

4235-4236 (ECE 4235-4236): PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING
This two-course sequence covers principles and analyses for design and manufacture of electronic packages. 4235: design issues such as electrical, electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical, and thermomechanical, are covered at the lower levels of packaging hierarchy. Materials and process selection guidelines are discussed for the manufacturing and reliability of chip carriers, multichip and hybrid modules. 4236: system-level package design issues for meeting application requirements and modeling tools for analyzing electronic packages are introduced. Materials and process selection guidelines are discussed for the manufacturing and reliability of packaged electronic products. Pre: ECE 2204. Co: ECE 3054 for 4235. (3H,3C)

4254: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF THIN FILMS
Study of the fundamental properties and microstructure of materials in thin film (thin coating) form, their interaction with the substrate, and their processing techniques. Areas of application to exemplify the interdisciplinary nature of the field, including the electronics, biomedical, military, aerospace, and construction industries. Pre: 4206 or 4215 or 4124. Co: 3255. (3H,3C)

4304: METALS AND ALLOYS
This course covers the production, properties and uses of commercially important metals and alloys. The influence of structure, chemistry, and processing upon the properties of metals is emphasized. Alloy selection is discussed. Mechanical, electrical, thermal and chemical characteristics of ferrous and nonferrous alloys are studied. Pre: 2034 or 2044 or AOE 3094. (3H,3C)

4305-4306: PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MODELING OF METAL CASTING
Casting processes; solidification and its influence on the structure and chemistry of castings; role of fluid flow and heat transfer in mold design; origin and control of casting defects. Pre: 3304 for 4305; 2304 or 2044 for 4306. (3H,3C)

4354: STRENGTH AND FRACTURE
Microstructural origins of strengthening, deformation, and fracture in engineering materials. Pre: 3304. Co: 3064, 3054. (1H,1C)

4384: NUCLEAR MATERIALS
An introduction to materials for nuclear applications with emphasis on fission reactors. Fundamental radiation effects on materials; material properties relevant to structural, moderator, reflector, blanket, coolant, control shielding and safety systems; processes such as nuclear fuelcycles, fuel enrichment and reprocessing; and related structural systems. Pre: (3044 or ME 3304), (MSE 3054 or ESM 3054 or ME 3614). Co: 4054. (3H,3C)

4414: PHYSICAL CERAMICS
Study of the relationships between the physical properties (thermal, optical, mechanical, electrical and magnetic) and the structure and composition of ceramics at the atomic and microscopic level as affected by processing and service environment. Emphasis will be placed on application and design using structural ceramics. Pre: 3314. Co: 4424. (3H,3C)

4424: MATERIALS LABORATORY II
Processing and characterization of materials; exploration of the influence of processing parameters on physical and mechanical properties. Emphasis on material synthesis. Pre: 3314. Co: 4414. (3L,1C)

4434: GLASS AND REFRACTORIES
Manufacturing processes and applications of glassy and refractory materials. Current theories of the structure of glassy and refractory materials are studied and related to their properties and behavior at high temperature and other demanding applications. Environmental effects of these energy intensive processes are taken into consideration. Pre: 3044, 3134. Co: 4414. (3H,3C)

4534 (CHEM 4634): POLYMER AND SURFACE CHEMISTRY
Physical chemical fundamentals of polymers and surfaces including adhesives and sealants. Pre: CHEM 3615 or CHEM 4615. (3H,3C) II.

4544 (CHEM 4074): LABORATORY IN POLYMER SCIENCE
Experimental techniques used in the synthesis of various linear polymers, copolymers, and crosslinked networks. Determination of polymer molecular weights and molecular weight distribution. Methods used in the thermal, mechanical, and morphological characterization of polymeric systems. Pre: CHEM 3616, CHEM 4534. (1H,3L,2C)

4554: POLYMER ENGINEERING
This course is designed to introduce the student to polymers from the MSE perspective. The basics of polymer syntheses and polymerization will be outlined. The relationship between processing, structure, and properties will be presented with respect to the performance and design requirements of typical polymer applications. Pre: 2034 or 2044, CHEM 1035, MATH 2224, PHYS 2306. (3H,3C) II.

4564: POLYMER ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Laboratory experiments exploring the processing-structure-property relationships in polymers and polymer based composites will be performed. Experiments will be conducted in synthesis, melt rheology, crystal structure and mechanical properties of polymers. Effects of reinforcement on the properties of engineering polymers will also be investigated. Co: 4554. (3L,1C)

4574 (ESM 4574): BIOMATERIALS
Lectures and problems dealing with materials used to mimic/replace body functions. Topics include basic material types and possible functions, tissue response mechanisms, and considerations for long term usage. Integrated design issues of multicomponent materials design in prosthetic devices for hard and soft tissues are discussed. Must meet prerequisite or have graduate standing in the College of Veterinary Medicine. Pre: 3054 or ESM 3054. (3H,3C)

4584: BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS
Introduction to structure property relationships in biological materials such as wood, bone, shells, spider silk, connective tissue, blood vessels and jellyfish. Proteins and polysaccharides, biosynthesis and assembly, biomineralization, hierarchical organization. Introduction to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Life cycle, environmental aspects of biofabrication. Pre: CHEM 1036 or BIOL 1106 or MSE 2034 or MSE 3094 or AOE 3094. (3H,3C)

4604: COMPOSITE MATERIALS
The application of the fundamental concepts of mechanics, elasticity, and plasticity to multiphase and composite materials. Constitutive equations for the mechanical and physical properties of metal, ceramic, and polymeric matrix composites. The role of processing and microstructure on properties. Pre: (2034 or 2044 or 3094), (ESM 2204). (3H,3C)

4614: NANOMATERIALS
Synthesis of 0-dimensional nanoparticles, 1-dimensional nanotubes, nanowires, and nanorods; 2-dimensional nanoribbons and nanofilms, and specialized nano-features on substrates. Characterization of nanomaterials. Processing into higher order dimensions. Chemical, physical, mechanical, and electrical properties of nanomaterials. Application of nanomaterials. Pre: 4034.(3H,3C)

4624: DESIGN OF MATERIALS
The design of materials through the application of microstructural based structure/property relationships. Emphasis on the use of phenomenological and theoretical structure-property-processing relationships as a means to guide material design. The influence of scale (nano, micro, meso, macro) on property development and material behavior. Co: 4055 or permission of Instructor. Co: 4055. (3H,3C)

4634: DESIGN WITH MATERIALS
The role and implications of material properties, processing, and structure in engineering and/or functional design. The role of material selection in the conceptualization, specification, and implementation phases of the design process. Case studies in state-of-the-art, material-limiting component design. Multidisciplinary enrollment encouraged. Co: senior capstone experience or permission of the instructor. (3H,3C)

4644: MATERIALS OPTIMIZATION THROUGH DESIGNED EXPERIMENTS
Methods of analysis of variation in materials systems, manufacturing or R&D through the use of statistical methods including experimental design techniques. Instructional examples related to Materials Science and Engineering. Pre: ENGR 2034, ENGR 2044, ENGR 3094 or AOE 3094. (3H,3C)

4900: COMMUNICATIONS PORTFOLIO IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Each student develops a portfolio of writing and speaking in various styles from work performed in seven required courses, and reflects on the development of his or her communication ability over the course of the program. The completed portfolio and reflections documents the student's success in meeting the Area 1: Writing and Discourse in written, oral, and visual communication. Students register for this course in the semester during which their portfolio will be completed. Pass/Fail only. Pre: 3314, 3884, 4424. Co: 4086. (1H,1C)

4974: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

4974H: INDEPENDENT STUDY
Variable credit course.

4984: SPECIAL STUDY
Variable credit course.

4994: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.

4994H: UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH
Variable credit course.



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College of Engineering Programs of Study
Engineering Education | Aerospace and Ocean Engineering | Biological Systems Engineering | Chemical Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering | Computer Science | Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering Science and Mechanics | General Engineering | Industrial and Systems Engineering
Materials Science and Engineering | Mechanical Engineering | Mining Engineering